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1、4定语从句初中语法(10)定语从句l引导定语从句的词关系代词：thatwhichwhowhomwhoseas关系副词：wherewhenwhyØ关系代词1）功能：引导一个定语从句，把它和主句连接起来，形成主从关系；替代前面的先行词，当其在从句中作宾语是可以省略；在定语从句中充当适当的句子成分。分类限制性和非限制性定语从句只用于限制性定从指人指物指人和物主语whowhichthat宾语whomwhichthat所有格whose/ofwhichwhose/ofwhich1.(05北京)Doyoustillremember
2、thechickenfarm___wevisitedthreemonthsago?A.whereB.whenC.thatD.what2.(06福建)Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehouse___roofisunderrepair.A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.that2)关系代词只能用thata.先行词是形容词最高级或者被形容词的最高级修饰时。eg.ThisisthemostinterestingfilmthatI’veeverseen.b.当先行词是序数词或者被序数词
3、修饰时。eg.Whatisthefirstforeignfilmthatyouhaveeverseen?c.当先行词是不定代词，如：all,any,some,much,little,few,everything,nothing,something,anything,none,theone等词时。eg.Doyouhaveanythingthatyoudon’tunderstand?d.先行词被thevery（正好）,theonly,thelast,any,few,little,just,next,no,all等词修饰时
4、。eg.Theonlythingthatwecandoistohelpyouout.e.先行词既有表示人的词又有表示物的词。eg.Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthattheyaretalkingabout?f.当主句的主语是疑问词who或者which时。eg.Whoisthemanthatisstandingbythetree?g.有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词用which，而另一个则用that。eg.Theywenttoashopwhichsellswomen’sclothestha
5、tsatisfiedthem.h.当先行词在主句中作be的表语,或关系代词本身作从句的表语时。eg.Wuhanisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe.i.关系副词why在thereasonwhy结构中可以被that取代，that亦可省略。(这时that是关系副词)eg.Thatisthereason(that)hecame.j.以theway为先行词的限制性定语从句通常用inwhich或that引导，也可以省略。eg.Thisistheway(that/which)hedidthat.3）关系
6、代词只能用whicha.介词后指物。44定语从句初中语法(10)eg.ThisistheschoolinwhichIusedtostudy.※但要注意的是，在一些固定短语中，不能把介词置于关系代词之前。eg.TheboywhoIamlookingafterismyson.(不能说TheboyafterwhomIamlookingafterismyson.)b.非限制性定语从句中指物。3.(08全国)Theroadconditionsthereturnedouttobeverygood,___wasmorethanwe
7、couldexpect.A.itB.whatC.whichD.thatc.which可指代整个句子，而that不能。4)关系代词as和which的使用区别a.位置不同。as引导的定语从句可位于句首，也可以插在主句中，位于主句后，而which不能位于主句前。eg.Asyouknow,TaiwanisaninseparablepartofChina.Taiwan,asyouknow,isaninseparablepartofChina.TaiwanisaninseparablepartofChina,asyouknow.
8、TaiwanisaninseparablepartofChina,whichweallknow.b.意义不同。as（正如，就像）表示符合人们的认识和事物的习惯性等意义，即从句与主句语义一致。当从句与主句语义不一致时或从句与主句之间是因果关系时用which。eg.Theyremarried,aswehadexpected.Theyremarrie
