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1、电工基础知识1(BasicknowledgeofElectricalEngineering1)BasicknowledgeofElectricalEngineering12010-09-13BasicknowledgeofElectricalEngineeringOne,thegeneralpart1.Whatiscalledcircuit?Thepaththroughwhichthecurrentpassesiscalledacircuit.Thecircuitconsistsofthepowersupply,theloadandtheconnectionpart(wire,switc
2、h,fuse)andsoon.2,whatiscalledpowersupply?Apowersupplyisadevicethatconvertsnonelectricalenergyintoelectricalenergy.3,whatiscalledaload?Loadisthedevicethatuseselectricalenergy,thatis,electricalequipment.Theconnectionpartisusedtoconnectthepowersupplyandtheloadtoformtheintermediatelinkofthecurrentpat
3、h,whichisusedtotransport,distributeandcontroltheelectricenergy.4.Whatisthebasicconceptofelectriccurrent?Theregulardirectionofthechargeflowleadstotheformationoftheelectriccurrent.Thedirectionofthepositivechargeisusuallydefinedasthedirectionofthecurrent.Acircuitwhosecurrentdirectionisconstantiscall
4、edaDCcircuit.Thepowerofanycrosssectionofaconductorinaunittimeiscalledacurrent(intensity),expressedinsymbolicI.Theunitofcurrent(intensity)isAmpere(A),andthelargecurrentunitisusuallyexpressedbyKA.SmallcurrentunitsarecommonlyrepresentedbyMA(mA)andamicro(muA).1KA=1000A1A=1000mA1mA=1000A5,thebasicprop
5、ertiesofvoltage1)thevoltagebetweentwopointshastheonlydefinitevalue.2)thevoltagebetweentwopointsisonlyrelatedtothelocationofthesetwopoints,andisindependentofthepathofthechargemovement.3)thevoltagehaspositiveandnegativepoints,whichisrelatedtothereferencevoltagedirectionofthemark.4)walkalonganyclose
6、dcircuitinthecircuit,andthevoltageofeachsegmentisconstantandzero.Voltageismeasuredinvolts(V),accordingtodifferentneeds,withkV(KV),MV(mV)anda(V)asaunit.1KV=1000V1V=1000mV1mV=1000V6,whatistheconceptofresistance?Theabilitytoblocktheconductorsofelectriccurrentiscalledresistance,representedbythesymbol
7、R,whenthevoltageis1volts,currentof1amperehour,theresistanceofaconductoris1ohm(omega),commonlyusedunitkilohms(K),megaohm(M).1MOmega=1000Kohm1KOmega=10007.WhatisOhm'slawofsomecircuits?Thecurrentflowingthroughacircuitispr