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1、航海海洋气象3-12（MarineMeteorology3-12）Section1airmassHeFengI.definition,formationanddegenerationofairmass1,airmass:inthesameperiodoftimeinthehorizontaldirectionofphysicalattributes(mainlytemperature,humidityandatmosphericstability)largerdistributionoflargeair.Thehor
2、izontalrangecanrangefromseveralhundredtoseveralthousandkilometers.2,theformationofairmassconditions:awiderangeofphysicalpropertiesofthemorehomogeneousunderlyingsurface.Suitablecirculation(foralargeareaofairtostayonthelowersurfaceforalongtimeandexchangeheatandwa
3、tervapor)3.Denaturation:thegradualchangeofphysicalpropertiesandweathercharacteristicsduringthemigrationofairmasses.(denaturedairmass:analteredmassofair)Airspeedanddependsonthedifferencesbetweentheoldandnewnatureoftheunderlyingsurfacesize,thelengthoftime,leaving
4、theairsourcedistanceandairnature.Continentalairmasseschangerapidlyintothesea;marineairmassesmoveslowlyintoland.Two.Classificationofairmassesandcharacteristicsofairmassweather1,geographicalclassification:accordingtothesourceoflatitudeandseaandlandlocation:1)icea
5、irmass:formedinpolarregionscoveredbyperennialiceandsnow,includingice,Continental,airmass,ice,ocean,airmass.Weathercharacteristics:dryandcoldweather;lowlayeroftenhasstronginversionlayer,gaslayerisverystable.2)polarairmass:airmassesformedinthemiddleandhighlatitud
6、es,Polarcontinentalairmass:dry,lowtemperatureandsunnydaysinwinter;Insummer,thetemperatureandhumidityinthelowerairlayerrise,theinversionlayerdisappears,thestabilitydecreases,andthecloudsarecloudy.Polarmaritimeair:winter,overcastorcloudy,sometimesappearprecipitat
7、ion,clouds,fogorrainandotherweatherstability.Summer,lowtemperature,damp,cloudy,cloudyday.3)tropicalairmass:airmassesformedinsubtropicalandtropicalregionscalledtropicalairmasses,Continentaltropicalairdrying,hotgasisnotstable,fineShaoyang,long-termcontrolofaregio
8、nisoftentheformationofdrought.Tropicalmarineairmass:lowlayerwarmandhumid,stratificationisnotstable;thereisofteninversionlayerinthemiddlelayer,hinderingthedevelopmentofconvec
