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1、英汉习语的主要来源及文化异同比较ContrastiveStudyofEnglishandChineseIdioms目录1.1Relationshipbetweenlanguageandculture2语言和文化的关系21.1.1Definitionsoflanguageandculture语言和文化的含义21.1.2语言和文化之间的关系5二、习语和文化11(一)习语的定义11(二)成语与文化之间的关系13三、对比研究英语和汉语dioms来源15(一)相似的英语和汉语成语的来源152。从文学作品163。从寓言和神话191。从历史典故24
2、(二)在英语和汉语习语的来源不同261。从娱乐和活动263-2.1FromEntertainmentandActivities从娱乐活动来说283.2.3从商务和业务313.2.2从地理环境31四、PartVImplications335.1LanguageLearningandTeaching335.2TransiationofIdioms345.3RhetoricalDevice355.4CultureLearning36五、总结36431.1Relationshipbetweenlanguageandculture语言和文化的关
3、系1.1.1Definitionsoflanguageandculture语言和文化的含义Languageis‘asystemofsounds,words,patterns,etc.usedbyhumanstocommunicatethoughtsandfeelings.’(OxfordAdvancedLearner'sEnglish-ChineseDictionary,1997)ItisasymbolsofmarkedandnationalqualityandhistoricsignificanceCulture.Theanthro
4、pologistKluckhohnoncewrote,‘Humanculturewithoutlanguageisunthinkable.’Theemergenceoflanguagewasseenasthegiantstep;madepossibletheremarkableandintricatesystemwecallculture.EugeneA.Nidi,afamedAmericantranslatorandtranslationtheorist,whiledefininglanguageandculture,pointed
5、out:‘Sincecultureisdefinedsuccinctlyastotalityofbeliefsandpracticeofasociety,nothingisofgreaterstrategicimportancethanthelanguagethroughwhichitsbeliefsareexpressedandtransmittedandbywhichmostinteractionofitsmemberstakesplace.’(Nidi,EugeneA.Lang}age,Culture,andTranslatin
6、g[M],1993.)Whenitisusedincontextsofcommunication,itisboundupwithcultureinmultipleandcomplexways.ClaireKarshelaboratestherelationshipoflanguageandcultureasfollows:‘Tobeginwith,thewordspeopleutterrefertocommonexperience.Theyexpressfacts,ideasoreventsthatarecommunicable;th
7、eyrefertoastockofknowledgeabouttheworldthatotherpeopleshare.Wordsalsoreflecttheirauthors‘attitudesandbeliefs,theirpointsofviewthatarealsothoseofothers.Inbothcases,languageexpressesculturalreality.’(TheCambridgeGuidetoTeachingEnglishtoSpeakersofOtherLanguages.Cambridge:C
8、ambridgeUP,2001.)语言是“由声音、词语、伙伴等等过于用于人们交流想法和感受的系统”，(OxfordAdvancedLearner'sEnglish-ChineseDictionary,1997)。它包含了
