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1、英美国家概况第一部分美国篇（UnitedStates)Geography[TopofPage]Location:NorthAmerica,borderingboththeNorthAtlanticOceanandtheNorthPacificOcean,betweenCanadaandMexicoGeographiccoordinates:3800N,9700WMapreferences:NorthAmericaArea:total:9,629,091sqkmland:9,158,960sqkmwater:4
2、70,131sqkmnote:includesonlythe50statesandDistrictofColumbiaArea—comparative:aboutone-halfthesizeofRussia;aboutthree-tenthsthesizeofAfrica;aboutone-halfthesizeofSouthAmerica(orslightlylargerthanBrazil);slightlylargerthanChina;abouttwoandone-halftimesthesizeo
3、fWesternEuropeLandboundaries:total:12,248kmbordercountries:Canada8,893km(including2,477kmwithAlaska),Cuba29km(USNavalBaseatGuantanamoBay),Mexico3,326kmnote:GuantanamoNavalBaseisleasedbytheUSandthusremainspartofCubaCoastline:19,924kmMaritimeclaims:contiguous
4、zone:12nmcontinentalshelf:notspecifiedexclusiveeconomiczone:200nmterritorialsea:12nmClimate:mostlytemperate,buttropicalinHawaiiandFloridaandarcticinAlaska,semiaridinthegreatplainswestoftheMississippiRiverandaridintheGreatBasinofthesouthwest;lowwintertempera
5、turesinthenorthwestareamelioratedoccasionallyinJanuaryandFebruarybywarmchinookwindsfromtheeasternslopesoftheRockyMountainsTerrain:vastcentralplain,mountainsinwest,hillsandlowmountainsineast;ruggedmountainsandbroadrivervalleysinAlaska;rugged,volcanictopograp
6、hyinHawaiiElevationextremes:lowestpoint:DeathValley-86mhighestpoint:MountMcKinley6,194mNaturalresources:coal,copper,lead,molybdenum,phosphates,uranium,bauxite,gold,iron,mercury,nickel,potash,silver,tungsten,zinc,petroleum,naturalgas,timberLanduse:arableland
7、:19%permanentcrops:0%permanentpastures:25%forestsandwoodland:30%other:26%(1993est.)Irrigatedland:207,000sqkm(1993est.)Naturalhazards:tsunamis,volcanoes,andearthquakeactivityaroundPacificBasin;hurricanesalongtheAtlanticcoast;tornadoesinthemidwest;mudslidesin
8、California;forestfiresinthewest;flooding;permafrostinnorthernAlaskaisamajorimpedimenttodevelopmentEnvironment—currentissues:airpollutionresultinginacidraininboththeUSandCanada;theUSisthelargestsingleem
