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1、FrancisBacon(1561-1626)OutlineofthelectureHislifeOutlineofthelectureSectionI:IntroductionaboutBacon’slifeSectionII:introductionaboutBacon’sworksSectionIII:introductionaboutBacon’stheoryandinfluencefrom3aspectspart1:philosophypart2:Aestheticspart3:literatureSe
2、ctionIV:playavideoSectionIIntroductionabouthislifeBriefIntroductionFrancisBacon(1561-1626)wasaBritishphilosopherandscientist,hewasknownas"theBritishmaterialismandtheentiremodernexperimentalsciencetherealancestor."Authorof"academicprogress"(1605)and"newtools"(
3、1620).BaconsharplycriticizedthemedievalScholasticismthatScholasticismandtheologyseriouslyimpedescientificprogress,advocateacomprehensivetransformationofhumanknowledge,thewholeacademicculturefromScholasticismliberationandrealizingthegreatrejuvenation.Hebelieve
4、sthatscienceshouldpursuethethingsofnatureandthereasonsforthelaw.Toachievethisgoal,wemustbebasedonsensoryexperiences.Heisthefatherofexperimentalphilosophy,whosefatherhadbeenLordKeeper,andhimselfwasagreatmanyyearsLordChancellorunderKingJamesI.Nevertheless,amids
5、ttheintriguesofaCourt,andtheaffairsofhisexaltedemployment(BecauseofbriberyandextortionhewassentencedbytheHouseofLordstopayafineofaboutfourhundredthousandFrenchlivres(里弗，法国古代的货币单位）tolosehispeerageandhisdignityofChancellor.),whichalonewereenoughtoengrosshiswhol
6、etime,heyetfoundsomuchleisureforstudyastomakehimselfagreatphilosopher,agoodhistorian,andanelegantwriter;andastillmoresurprisingcircumstanceisthathelivedinanageinwhichtheartofwritingjustlyandelegantlywaslittleknown,muchlesstruephilosophy.LordBacon,asisthefateo
7、fman,wasmoreesteemedafterhisdeaththanhislifetime.HisenemieswereintheBritishCourt,andhisadmirerswereforeigners.ArepresentativeoftheRenaissanceinEngland.Helaysthefoundationformodernscience.LawyerPhilosopherscientistessayistStatesmanChineseversion培根被认为是现代科学时代的始祖
8、。他是第一个意识到科学技木能够改造世界面貌的哲学家，热情支持实验科学研究。l561年，培棍生于伦敦。他是英国伊丽莎白女王时代一高级职员的长子。12岁入剑桥大学三一学院，但不久离开那里，没有获得大学毕业证书。16岁开始工作，随英国驻注大使去巴黎在使馆工作过一段时间。18岁时父亲去世，没留下什么钱，培根被迫去上学学习法律。21岁开始从事律师业。23岁时被选为英国下议院议员。伊
