定语从句用法的总结

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1、★精品文档★定语从句用法的总结定语从句在句中相当于一个形容词，下面定语从句用法的总结是想跟大家分享的，欢迎大家浏览。　　一.定语从句及相关术语1.定语从句：修饰某一句中的名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。被修饰的词称为先行词。2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等;关系副词有where,when,why等。关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。　　二.关系代词引导的定语从句1.wh

2、o指人，在从句中做主语(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。(1)Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthe2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创7/7★精品文档★bus.(2)Mr.LingisjusttheboywhomIwanttosee.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省

3、略。(3)Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(2)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom;指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。(5)Thenumberofthepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityeachyearrisesonem

4、illion.(6)Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisa2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创7/7★精品文档★doctor.(2)Ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(4)Theclassroomthedo

5、orofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(5)Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?(6)Doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow?三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句1.关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导(1)Theschool(that/which)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.(2)Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.(3)TomorrowIwillb

6、ringhereamagazine(that/which)youaskedfor.(4)TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazineforwhichyouasked.(5)We’llgotohearthefamoussinger2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创7/7★精品文档★(whom/that/who)wehaveoftentalk-edabout.(6)We’llgotohearthefamoussingeraboutwhomwehaveoftentalked.2.关系代词前的介词的选择*由先行词的习惯

7、搭配或根据先行词的需要。(1)Thespeedatwhichlighttravelsis300,000kmpersecond.(atthespeedof…以…速度)(2)Thereasonforwhichhedidn’tcometoschoolwasthathewasill.(foracertainreason由于某种原因)*介词可能是从句短语动词的一个固定部分或固定搭配(3)Don’tbringchildrentoseetheanimalsofwhichtheyareafraid.(beafraidof害怕)(4)Thisistheteacherfr

8、omwhomIborrowedthebook.(borrowfrom…从…借入注意：1.含有介