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1、Unit9HollywoodHollywoodsuggestsglamour,aplacewheretheyoungstar-struckteenagerscould,withabitofluck,fulfilltheirdreams.Hollywoodsuggestsluxurioushouseswithvastpalm-fringedswimmingpools.Cocktailbarsandfurnishingsfitforamillionaire.Andthebigmoviestarsweremi
2、llionaires.Manyspenttheirfortunesonyachts,RollsRoycesanddiamonds.Afewofthemlosttheirglamourquitesuddenlyandwereleftwithnothingbutemptinessandcolossaldebts.MovieswerefirstmadeinHollywoodbeforeWorldWarⅠ.TheconstantsunshineandmildclimateofsouthernCalifornia
3、madeitanidealsiteforshootingmotionpictures.Hollywood'sfameandfortunereacheditspeakinthe1930sand1940s,thegoldendaysoftheblackandwhitemovies.Mostofthefamousmotionpicturecorporationsofthosedays,Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer,ColumbiaandWarnerBrothersarestillverymuchin
4、businessandgreatstarslikeGretaGarbo,MarleneDietrich,CharlieChaplin,GaryCooper,andmanyothersbesides,havebecomeimmortal.InthosedaysHollywoodwaslikeamagnet,drawingambitiousyoungmenandwomenfromallovertheworld.Mostofthemhadonlytheirgoodlookstorecommendthemand
5、hadnoactingexperience—orability—whatsoever.Occasionallytheygotjobs,iftheywereluckyenoughtobenoticed.GrayCooperwasoneofthefewwhowasnoticed.Hestartedasastuntrider,andfromthererosetobeoneofthegreatstarsoftheearlyWesterns.Manyofthegirlsgotjobsincafesorgassta
6、tions,andastheyservedtheircustomerstheytossedtheirheadsandswungtheirhips,hopingtoattracttheattentionofsomeimportantpersonconnectedwiththemovies.Mostofthemhopedinvain.Asforthestarsthemselves,theywereheldonatightreinbythestudiochiefswhocouldmakeorbreakallb
7、utthestarswithreallybigappeal.Thestarswere"persuaded"tosignseven-yearcontracts,duringwhichtimethestudiosbuiltuptheirimages.Undertheircontractsthestarsdidnothavetheirrighttochoosetheirparts.Theirstudiosdecidedeverything.Nocountryintheworldhasdevelopedsoex
8、pertlytheskillofadvertisingastheAmericans.Theyadvertiseeverything,fromicecreamtocandidatesforthePresidency.TheHollywoodstudios,bymeansofadvertising,turnedstarletsintosuperstars.Manystudiochiefsweretyrants,determinedtogetth
