zno纳米粒子的制备及表征毕业论文

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1、哈尔滨理工大学学士学位论文ZnO纳米粒子的制备及表征摘要本文首先介绍了现有的纳米ZnO的制备方法，由于液相沉淀-热分解法具有设备简单，反应条件易于控制，制备粒子的粒径小的优点，所以确定使用该方法来制备纳米ZnO。为了确定纳米ZnO的最佳制备条件，针对反应时间、反应温度、Zn2+浓度、物料配比和前驱体的焙烧温度进行了平行对照实验，测试制得的纳米粒子的粒径确定了反应时间为1.5h、反应温度为80℃、Zn2+浓度为1.2mol/L、nNa：nZn为2:1、前驱体焙烧温度为350℃时制得的ZnO粒径最小。在最优条件下制得了平均粒径在50-70nm的纳米ZnO。使用了XRD

2、、SEM、红外分光光度计分析和热重仪对制得的ZnO进行了表征。以甲基橙溶液作为降解对象的验证纳米ZnO的光催化性能，甲基橙初始浓度为10mg/L,纳米ZnO投放量为200mg，前驱体焙烧温度为300℃得到的纳米ZnO光催化效果最佳，pH对纳米ZnO的光催化效果物明显影响。关键词纳米ZnO；热分解法；合成；光催化III-哈尔滨理工大学学士学位论文ThePreparationofNanometerZnOandCharacterizationAbstractInthefirstpart,thispaperintroducessomepreparationmethodso

3、fnanometerZnO,suchasdirectprecipitationmethod,sluggishprecipitation,Hydrothermalsynthesis,methodofsol-gel,thermaldecomposition,pulsedlaserdeposition,mol-ecularbeamepitaxy,pulverizationdecompositionprocessmethod.WedecidedtousethethermaldecompositionmethodinpreparationofnanometerZnO,due

4、tothismethodhassimpleequipment,easyoperationandsmallerporediameternanometerZnOwaspreparation.InordertodeterminethebestpreparationconditionofnanometerZnO,WepreparedsomenanometerZnOindifferentrea-ctiontime,reactiontemperature,thromaofZn2+,materialblendingrationandsint-eringtemperatureof

5、precursor.Recurtoparticlesizemeasurement,thebestcon-ditionofpreparationfornanometerZnO.Whenreactiontimeis1.5hour,reactiontemperatureis80℃,thromaofZn2+is1.2mol/L,nNa：nZnis2:1andsinteringtemperatureofprecursoris300℃,diameterofnanometerZnOisminimal.Nano-meterZnOthataveragegrainsizeis50-7

6、0nmwaspreparedinthebestConditions.ThenanometerZnOwascharacterizedbyXraydiffdraction(XRD),Scanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM),infraredspectrometer(FTIR)andthermalgravimetricanalyzer.TheroomtemperatureoftheZnOpowderswasexaminedanditsactiviytofPhotocatalyticdescompositionofmethylorangewasdes

7、cribed.Thedecolorizea-tionefficiencyofmethlyorangewasstudied,whiletheeffectsofthepH,dosageofnanometerZnO,thromaofmethylorangeandsinteringtemperatureofprecur-sor.ThephotocatalyticeffectofnanometerZnOpowdersisbestwhenthromaofmethylis10mg/L,quantityallottedofnanometerZnOis200mgandsinteri

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