[离散数学] 具体数学：计算机科学基础英文

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1、CONCRETEMATHEMATICSDedicatedtoLeonhardEuler(1707-l783)CONCRETEMATHEMATICSDedicatedtoLeonhardEuler(1707-l783)CONCRETEMATHEMATICSRonaldL.GrahamAT&TBellLaboratoriesDonaldE.KnuthStanfordUniversityOrenPatashnikStanfordUniversityAADDISON-WESLEYPUBLISHINGCOMP

2、ANYReading,MassachusettsMenloPark,CaliforniaNewYorkDonMills,OntarioWokingham,EnglandAmsterdamBonnSydneySingaporeTokyoMadridSanJuanLibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataGraham,RonaldLewis,1935-Concretemathematics:afoundationforcomputerscience/Ro

3、n-aldL.Graham,DonaldE.Knuth,OrenPatashnik.xiii,625p.24cm.Bibliography:p.578Includesindex.ISBNo-201-14236-81.Mathematics--1961-2.Electronicdataprocessing--Mathematics.I.Knuth,DonaldErvin,1938-.II.Patashnik,Oren,1954-.III.Title.QA39.2.C7331988510--dc1988

4、-3779CIPSixthprinting,withcorrections,October1990Copyright@1989byAddison-WesleyPublishingCompanyAllrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystemortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechani-cal,photocopying,rec

5、ording,orotherwise,withoutthepriorwrittenpermissionofthepublisher.PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.PublishedsimultaneouslyinCanada.FGHIJK-HA-943210Preface“Aodience,level,THISBOOKISBASEDonacourseofthesamenamethathasbeentaughtandtreatment-annuallyatStan

6、fordUniversitysince1970.Aboutfiftystudentshavetakenitadescriptionofeachyear-juniorsandseniors,butmostlygraduatestudents-andalumnisuchmattersiswhatprefacesareoftheseclasseshavebeguntospawnsimilarcourseselsewhere.Thusthetimesupposedtobeseemsripetopresent

7、thematerialtoawideraudience(includingsophomores).about.”ItwasadarkandstormydecadewhenConcreteMathematicswasborn.-P.R.Halmos11421Long-heldvalueswereconstantlybeingquestionedduringthoseturbulentyears;collegecampuseswerehotbedsofcontroversy.Thecollegecurr

8、iculumitselfwaschallenged,andmathematicsdidnotescapescrutiny.JohnHam-mersleyhadjustwrittenathought-provokingarticle“Ontheenfeeblementofmathematicalskillsby‘ModernMathematics’andbysimilarsoftintellectualtrashinschoolsanduniversities”[145