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1、进境兰花有害生物风险分析与检疫54进境兰花有害生物风险分析与检疫昊大军(顺德出入境检验检疫局,广东佛山528303)广东农业科学2011年第18期摘要:大量资料查询结果显示,有482种有害生物在兰科花卉上危害,根据这些有害生物在中国的分布,输华兰科花卉携带的可能性和有害生物潜在的经济影响等,按照联合国粮农组织(FAO)国际植物检疫措施标准——有害生物风险分析(PestRiskAnalysis,PRA)准则,对进境兰科花卉进行了PRA分析.风险评估结果共筛选出潜在的检疫性有害生物7种,总体风险为中至高.根据上述有害生物风险评估的结果,提出"禁
2、止输入兰科花卉","从未发生检疫对象的地区引种","从疫情不清的地区有条件输入兰科花卉"等3种备选的方案.并对每种备选方案的性质,内容,国内外生产贸易影响及可操作性作了具体分析.关键词:兰科花卉;有害生物;风险分析;检疫防控中图分类号:$41—30文献标识码:A文章编号:1004—874X(20l1)18—0054—05PestriskanalysisandpreventionoftheimportedorchidflowerWUDa-jun(ShundeEntry-exitInspectionandQuarantineBureau,Fos
3、han528303,China)Abstract:OrchidaceaefamilyisthelargestandmostdiversefamilyofMagnoliophyta,whichcomprisedofmorethan800generaand25,000species,whichmostplantsavailableforcultivation.Afteranumberofinquiryfoundthatthereare482speciesofharmfulorganismsontheorchidflowers.According
4、tothedistributioninChina,possibilityofimportinganpotentialdamage.AccordingtotheInternationalStandardsofFAO-PestRiskAnalysisguidelines,theimportedorchidflowerswereassessed.7speciespestsbelongedtothemedium-highriskwiththeassessment.Accordingtotheresultsofpestriskassessmentsa
5、ndputforwardthreekindsofalternativeprograms.AdoptOption1-"toprohibitimportationoforchidflowers",althoughtoachievezerorisk,butalsooninternationaltradeamongorchidflowershaveahugeimpact,andthedomesticcultivationoforchidflowershaveagreatlosses.AdoptOption2-"neverhappenedIntrod
6、uctionandquarantineobjects",butduetotheintroductionoforchidflowersinourcountriesandregionsnotoccurredinlinewiththemajorityfailedtomeetthe16listedintherequirementsofquarantinepests,SOonceanevertookplaceonlyorchidflowerquarantinepestsofnationalorregionalintroduction,theremay
7、beasignificantimpactontheproductionandtrade.AdoptOption3一"limitationimportationorchidflowersfromtheunclearepidemicareas",thatisbystrengtheningimportationoforchidplantscannotcarryquarantinepests,conductimportriskanalysisoforchidflowers,strictlyexaminationandapprovalsysteman
8、ddocumentreview,tostrengthenport—sitequarantineandhandledtheepidemicandsetupamulti-levele
