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1、1.Modernpetroleumexplorationisunthinkablewithouttheaidofmagnetism,gravity,andseismicsurveysinfindingpotentialpetroleumtraps.Norcouldanyfindsbeevaluatedeffectivelywithoutgeophysicalwirelinewelllogstomeasurethelithology,porosity,andpetroleumcontentofareservoir.利
2、用现代石油勘探手段寻找潜在的石油圈闭时,如果不借助地磁、重力和地震勘探,是不可想象的。同样,如果没有地球物理电缆测井来测量岩性、孔隙度和储层中的石油含量,对任何发现的圈闭也不可能做到有效评价。2.Petroleumgeologyistheapplicationofgeologytotheexplorationforandproductionofoilandgas.Geologyitselfisfirmlybasedonchemistry,physics,andbiology,involvingtheapplicat
3、ionofessentiallyabstractconceptstoobserveddata.Inthepastthesedatawerebasicallyobservationandsubjective,buttheyarenowincreasinglyphysicalandchemical,andthereforemoreobjective.石油地质学是地质学在油气勘探开发和生产中的应用。地质学本身是以化学、物理和生物学为基础,应用其基本的抽象理论概念来解释观察到的资料。在过去,这些资料主要凭主观观察获得,现在
4、借助物理和化学手段,因而更具有客观性。3.Thekingoftheoilfieldisdriller.Heisaveryskilledman.Sometimeshesendshisdrillmorethanamileintotheearth.Duringtheprocessofdrilling,gasandoilatgreatpressuremaysuddenlybemet,andifthisrushesoutandcatchesfire,theoilwellmayneverbebroughtintooperati
5、onatall.Thisdangeriswellknownandstepsarealwaystakentopreventit.油田的主角是钻井工,他们是熟练的技术工人。有时他钻入地下一英里深。在钻探过程中,由于巨大的压力,可能会突然碰上气和油,而油气如果喷出来或着了火,此油井可能永远无法启用。这种危险是人所共知的,因此人们采取防护措施。4.Therearefourmainareasoftheworldwheredepositsofoilappear.ThefirstisthatofthemiddleEast,and
6、includestheregionsneartheCaspianSea,theBlackSea,theRedSeaandPersianGulf,anotheristheareabetweenNorthandSouthAmerica,andthethird,betweenAsiaandAustralia,includestheislandsofSumatra,Borneo(婆罗洲)andJava.ThefourthisthepartneartheNorthPole.世界上已探明的主要蕴藏石油的地区有四个:第一个是中东
7、地区,包括里海、黑海、红海和波斯湾附近地区,另一个是北美和南美间的油区,而第三个是亚洲和澳洲之间的油区,包括苏门答腊岛、婆罗岛和爪哇岛,第四个是靠近北极的那部分区域。5.Scientistspredictthattheworld’sknownoilresourceswillrunoutearlyinthenextcentury.Butlongbeforethentheworldwillhavetodecideonitspriorities.Canweaffordtousesomuchofourlimitedpetr
8、oleumsuppliesforprivatemotoring?Shouldairlinescompeteonsimilarroutesallowingplanestoflylongdistanceswithemptypassengerseats?Whatalternativeenergyresourcescanbedeveloped?科学家预言世界上已探明