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时间:2018-07-31
《六冠词的基本用法dox》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、六、冠词的基本用法定冠词与不定冠词英语有两种冠词,一为定冠词the,一为不定冠词a或an。定冠词the一般读作/ðə/,在元音前读/ði/,特别强调时读/ði:/:Givemethe/ðə/book,please.Whoisthe/ði/oldmanoverthere?She’sthe/ðə/mostbeautifulgirlI’veeverseen.Shakespeareisthe/ði:/greatestdramatistintheworld.the最早是指示形容词,意思接近this,that,因此在不少情况下仍可译作“这”,“那”(如上面例句
2、中的“这张画”,“那位老人”),不过他的意思比this,that要弱一些,因此,在多数情况下都不译出。不定冠词a和an的基本意思是“一个”,在不少情况下也也译成“一”或“每”:She’safriendofmine.Hedrovethecar70kmsanhour.Theypaidhim$100amonth.Igohomeamonth.在译文中,“一个”这类词有时说不出来:I’mateacherandmyhusbandisaneditor.She’safarmer’sdaughter.不定冠词a在元音前用an,在辅音前用a:Thisisadog(an
3、orange).HecomesfromaEuropeancountry.She’sanhonestgirl.European以元音字母开头,却读辅音/juərə'pi:ən/,因此用a。同样的还有:auniversityaone-act-playaU.S.citizenaunionhonest虽以辅音字母开头,却读元音/'ɔnist/,因此应加an,同样的还有:anhonouranhouranhonorarydegreeanS-shapedtube在元音前一概用an,不管是名词还是形容词:aneveningdressaninterestingsto
4、ryanunemployedladyanunfortunateboy不定冠词的基本用法不定冠词只用在可数名词单数前:表示“一个”(one)或“每一个”(each),可用在许多常用词组中,如:asuitofclothesaquarterofamile四分之一英里fivedollarsapoundsevenhoursadayaglassofwateratablow一下子atastretch一连inawordataglance一眼望去oneatatime一次一个Romewasnotbuiltinaday.Chinaisadevelopingcountry
5、.Wehavesixclassesaday.Hiswageswereeightthousandpoundsayear.表示“某个(=acertain)”:ItookmythingstoahotelinNewStreet.AMr.Brownwishestoseeyou.Ican’trememberaChristmaswhenitsnowedsomuch.Shepickedupanovelandbegantoread.表示属于哪一类(译成汉语时有时不带“一”字)—可用在表语、同位语中:He’sanIrish(aFrenchman).Thisisagoo
6、dMedoc.(美杜克酒)Thepeasantgirlhasbecomeanengineer.TheplaywaswrittenbyShakespeare,adramatist.与一名词一起用于表示某类人或物——用作句子的主语(译成汉语时常不带“一”字):ArattlesnakeisapoisonousAmericansnake.Cananovelistshuthiseyestothestateofhiscountry?Acleverpoliticianneverpromisestoomuch.定冠词的基本用法定冠词the可用在各类名词前面,包括单
7、数、复数、可数或不可数:表示一个或某些特定的人或物:Ihaveseenthefilmbefore.Theprofessorwillgiveusalecture.Passmethesugar,please.有时没有特别的修饰语,但说话人和听话人都知道指谁、指什么:Iwanttoseetheheadmaster.Thechildrenareplayinginthegarden.Turnoffthelight,please.有时有修饰语,表示指谁、什么:Heistheteacherwhowillteachyou.Givetheparceltothegen
8、tlemansittingatthedesk.Pickupthekeyyouhaveyouhavelost.在指一个(某些
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