及物和不及物动词

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1、二、及物和不及物动词1.动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类及物动词（TransitiveVerb）、不及物动词（IntransitiveVerb），缩写形式分别为vt.和vi.2.分清及物不及物:分清动词的及物不及物是在英语学习中必须解决的首要问题。动词及物与不及物通常有以下几种情况：a.主要用作及物动词。及物动词后面必须跟宾语。可以用于："主＋谓＋宾"；"主＋谓＋双宾"；"主＋谓＋宾＋宾补"结构。如：HereachedParisthedaybeforeyesterday.Pleasehandmethebookoverthere.Theyas

2、kedmetogofishingwiththem.类似的还有：buy,catch,invent,found,like,find,forget,see,say,show,make,take,tell....b．主要用作不及物的动词。不及物动词后面不跟宾语。只能用与："主＋谓"结构。ThisistheroomwhereIoncelived.类似的还有：agree,go,work,listen,look,come,die,sit,hurry,fail,succeed....c．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义不变。如begin都是作"开始

3、"讲。everybody,ourgamebegins.letusbeginourgame.类似的还有：start,answer,sing,close,read,learn,pay,hurt....d．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义完全不同。这类动词作不及物动词是一个意义；而作及物动词时却是另一个意义。如lift作不及物动词时是指烟雾的"消散"。wesawthemountainwhenthecloudslifted.作及物动词时是"升高；举起"。Heliftedhisglassanddrank.类似的还有beat　vi.跳动vt.敲

4、、打;　growvi.生长vt.　种植play　vi.玩耍vt.打（牌、球）,演奏smellvi.发出（气味）vt.嗅ring　vi.（电话、铃）响vt.打电话speakvi.讲话　vt.说（语言）hang　vi.悬挂vt.　绞死　　　operate　vi.动手术　vt.操作I.单项选择（15分）()1.—Wouldyouliketogoshoppingwiththisafternoon?—I’dloveto,butmymotherissick.I_______lookafterherathome.A.canB.mayC.couldD.have

5、to()2.The_______lookingforatalldarkmanwithlonghair.A.policeareB.policesareC.policemenisD.policemanare()3.Itisdifficult_______thebookinoneday.Itissothick.A.tofinishtoreadB.tofinishreadingC.finishingreadingD.finishingtoread()4.Mymotheroftenasksus______late.A.nottostaysupB.don’

6、tstayupC.doesn’tstayupD.nottostayup()5.Youwillnever________ifyoualwaystryyourbest.A.winB.towinC.tofailD.fail()6.Mygrandfatherlooks______atme.Helooks______atthemoment.A.happy;happilyB.happily;happyC.happy;happyD.happily;happily()7.Jack,withhisfriends,______seeMr.Wangthisweeke

7、nd.A.isgoingtoB.aregoingtoC.gotoD.willgoes()8.—MayIaskyou_____thewriter?—Sorry.Idon’tknowhim.YoucanaskSam______help.A.about;forB.about;aboutC.for;forD.for;about()9.—Whatisthe_______ofthisword?—It______togoonfoot.A.meaning,meanB.means,meanC.means,meansD.meaning,means()10.The_

8、_____areontheleft______ofthebedroom.A.stair,sideB.stairs,sideC.stair,sidesD