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1、CHINA’SNEWROLEINAFRICAIanTaylorSchoolofInternationalRelations,UniversityofStAndrewsFromChina’sNewRoleinAfrica,publishedbyLynneRiennerPublishersthisyearMaterialandideasbasedonfieldworkandinterviewsIconductedin:Botswana,CapeVerde,Eritrea,EthiopiaTheGambia,Mauritius,NamibiaNigeria,Sen
2、egal,SierraLeoneSouthAfrica,Uganda,Zambia,ZimbabweChina(BeijingandHongKong)LondonandWashington,DC.CONTENTSOFBOOK1.CHINA’SAFRICAPOLICYINCONTEXT2.OILDIPLOMACY3.THEIMPACTOFCHEAPCHINESEGOODS4.THEISSUEOFHUMANRIGHTS5.ARMSSALES6.PEACEKEEPINGINAFRICA7.WHATDOESITALLMEAN?OILOildominatesthepr
3、ofileofAfrica’sexportstoChina(around70%)China’sdependenceonimportedoilroseto47%ofannualdemand,anincreaseof4.1percentsince2005-expectedtorisetoaround60%by2020FIVEKEYWAYSBEIJINGSEEKSTOLESSENPRESSUREIncreasedenergyconservation(thiswillonlymoderategrowthinconsumption)Fuelswitching—redu
4、cingthedependenceonimportedfuelsbyswitchingtorenewableenergyandcoal,ofwhichChinahaslargedomesticreserves(buttheenvironment…)Increaseindomesticoilproductionbyseekingoutnewresourcesandexploitingexistingonesmoreefficiently(therehavebeennewdiscoverieswithinChinabutnotenoughtosatisfydem
5、and).Beijingencouragesnationaloilcompanies(NOCs)toincreasepurchasesininternationaloilmarketsBeijingfacilitatesacquisitionofoilreservesabroadthrough“sweetenerdeals”withforeigngovernmentsHowever,liberalizationhasresultedinashiftofpowerawayfromBeijingtowardNOCsTheabilitybyBeijingtotel
6、ltheNOCswhattodoislimitedQuestion:AreparticularventuresaresultofBeijingdirectinganNOCortheNOCseekingdiplomaticassistanceonceithasidentifiedatargetoilfield?ChinalacksacentralministerialagencyoverseeingtheoilindustryPROBLEM:Beijinghasasyetbeenincapableofenforcingageographicaldivision
7、oflabouronthemainNOCsResult:competitionandoverlapbetween:ChinaNationalPetroleumCorporation(CNPC)ChinaPetroleum&ChemicalCorporation(Sinopec)ChinaNationalOffshoreOilCompany(CNOOC)ExampleCNPCandChinaPetroleumandChemicalCorporation(Sinopec)competedagainsteachotherforapipelineprojectinS
8、udan.TheNOCsinfactviewonea
