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1、ContraceptionandAbortionAgendaDiscussHistoryandConsiderationsAssociatedwithMethodsDiscussContraceptionMethodsDiscussAbortionClassExercise:ContraceptionValuesClarificationCompletethehandoutentitled“ContraceptionValuesClarification.Afteryouhavecompletedthehandout,dis
2、cussyourresponseinsmallgroups.IntroductionMajorityofU.S.pregnanciesarenotplannedandmostarearesultofnotusingcontraceptionFactorsincreasingmotivationtousecontraception:goodcommunicationwithpartner,lowercost,effectivenessrates,frequencyofintercourse,motivationtoavoidp
3、regnancy,sideeffects,opennessaboutsexualityContraception:HistoryContraceptioninAncientTimesContraceptionintheU.S.:1800sandEarly1900sContraceptionOutsidetheU.S.ContraceptioninAncientTimesAncientGreeks:magic,superstition,herbsEgyptians:fumigatingfemalegenitalia,tampo
4、nsoakedinherballiquid&honey,insertingamixtureofcrocodilefeces,sourmilk,&honeySouthAfrica:insertvegetableseedpodsAfrica:insertagrassycervicalplugPersia:insertalcoholsoakedspongesGreece:insertemptypomegranatehalvesContraceptionintheU.S.:1800sandEarly1900sConcerninear
5、ly1800swastocurbpovertybycontrollingfertility1873Comstocklawsprohibiteddispersinginformationaboutcontraceptives,includingbydoctorsContraceptionuseisaffectedbySocialissues–e.g.desiredfamilysizeEconomicissuesKnowledge&misinformationReligionGenderroles&power–insomeare
6、as,menmakethecontraceptivedecisions;forsomeitistheresponsibilityofbothChoosingaMethodofContraceptionFDAApprovalProcessLifestyleIssuesFDAApprovalProcessTheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)mustformallyapprovethemethod10-14yearprocesstodevelopanewcontraceptivedrugDru
7、gcompanysubmitsanewdrugapplicationdemonstratingsafetyinanimaltests&adesiretoconducthumantrialsFDAApprovalProcess3phasesPhase1:20-80volunteerstotesteffectivenessPhase2:severalhundredtotesteffectiveness,sideeffects,risksPhase3:hundredstothousandsaretestedforgeneraliz
8、ationAnimaltrialsareconductedthroughouttheprocessClassDiscussion:LifestyleIssuesAssociatedwithContraceptiveThefollowingfactorsseemtobeassociatedw
