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1、Unit8Nothingistobegotwithoutpainsbutpoverty.世上唯有贫穷可以不劳而获。学习内容题材词数建议时间得分统计做题备忘PartAText1科普知识429/10Text2商业经济421/10Text3文化教育457/10Text4社会生活432/10PartB科普知识592/10PartC文化教育479/10PartADirections：Readthefollowingtexts.Answerthequestionsbloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].Text1Trafficstatisticspaintagl
2、oomypicture.Tohelpsolvetheirtrafficwoes,somerapidlygrowingU.S.citieshavesimplybuiltmoreroads.Buttrafficexpertssaybuildingmoreroadsisaquick-fixsolutionthatwillnotalleviatethetrafficprobleminthelongrun.Soaringlandcosts,increasingconcernoversocialandenvironmentaldisruptionscausedbyroad-building,andt
3、helikelihoodthatmoreroadscanonlyleadtomorecarsandtrafficarepowerfulfactorsbearingdownona1950s-styleconstructionsprogram.Thegoalofsmart-highwaytechnologyistomaketrafficsystemsworkatoptimumefficiencybytreatingtheroadandthevehiclestravelingonthemasanintegraltransportationsystem.Proponentsofthisadvan
4、cedtechnologysayelectronicdetectionsystems,closed-circuittelevisionradiocommunication,rampmetering,variablemessagesigning,andothersmarthighwaytechnologycannowbeusedatareasonablecosttoimprovecommunicationbetweendriversandthepeoplewhomonitortraffic.Pathfinder,aSantaMonica,California-basedsmart-high
5、wayprojectinwhicha14-milestretchoftheSantaMonicaFreeway,makingupwhatiscalleda“smartcorridor”,isbeinginstrumentedwithburiedloopsinthepavement.Closed-circuittelevisioncamerassurveytheflowoftraffic,whilecommunicationslinkedtoproperlyequippedautomobilesadvisemotoristsoftheleastcongestedroutesordetour
6、s.Notalltrafficexperts,however,looktosmart-highwaytechnologyastheultimatesolutiontotrafficgridlock.Somesaythehigh-techapproachislimitedandcanonlyoffertemporarysolutionstoaseriousproblem.“Electronicsonthehighwayaddressesjustoneaspectoftheproblem:howtoregulatetrafficmoreefficiently,”explainsMichael
7、Renner,seniorresearcherattheWorldwatchInstitute.“Itdoesn’tdealwiththecentralproblemsoftoomanycarsforroadsthatcan’tbebuiltfastenough.Itsendspeoplethewrongmessage.”“Theystartthinking‘Yes,thereusedtobeatrafficcongestionpr
