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1、Classificationsarecentraltoarchaeology.Yetthetheoreticalliteratureonthesubject-inbotharchaeologyandthephilos-ophyofscience-bearsverylittlerelationshiptowhatactuallyoccursinpractice.ThisproblemhaslonginterestedWilliamAdams,afieldarchaeologist,andErnestAdams,aphilos-opherof
2、science,whodescribetheirbookasanethnographyofarchaeologicalclassification.Itisastudyofthevariouswaysinwhichfieldarchaeologistssetaboutmakingandusingclassificationstomeetavarietyofpracticalneeds.Theauthorsfirstdiscusshowhumansformconcepts.Theythendescribeandanalyzeindetail
3、aspecificexampleofanarchaeologicalclassification,andgoontoconsiderwhattheoreticalgeneralizationscanbederivedfromthestudyofactualin-useclassifications.Inaconcludingsectiontheyreviewandcritiqueexistingtheoreticalliteratureonthesubjectofclassification,showinghowlittlerelatio
4、nshipitbearstotherealitiesofpractice.Throughoutthebook,theystresstheimportanceofhavingaclearlydefinedpurposeandpracticalprocedureswhendevelopingandapplyingclassifications.Thisbookwillbeofinterestnotonlytoarchaeologistsandanthropologists,butalsotophilosophersofscience,ling
5、uists,cognitivepsychologists,biologists,andtoscholarsinallotherfieldsinwhichclassificationplaysasignificantrole.ArchaeologicaltypologyandpracticalrealityTHEFARSIDEByGARYLARSON"Sowhat'sthis?Iaskedforahammer!Ahammer!Thisisacrescentwrench!...Well,maybeit'sahammer....Damnthes
6、estonetools."FrontispieceArchaeologicaltypologyinanutshell.THEFARSIDE,copyright1986,UniversalPressSyndicate.Reprintedwithpermission.Allrightsreserved.ADIALECTICALAPPROACHTOARTIFACTCLASSIFICATIONANDSORTINGWilliamY.AdamsUniversityofKentuckyandErnestW.AdamsUniversityofCalifo
7、rniaatBerkeleyTherightoftheUniversityofCambridgetoprintandsellallmannerofbookswasgrantedbyHenryVIIIin1534.TheUniversityhasprintedandpublishedcontinuouslysince1584.CAMBRIDGEUNIVERSITYPRESSCambridgeNewYorkPortChesterMelbourneSydneyCAMBRIDGEUNIVERSITYPRESSCambridge,NewYork,M
8、elbourne,Madrid,CapeTown,Singapore,SaoPauloCambridgeUniversityPressTheEdinburghBuilding,Cambridg
