重庆理工大学材料科学基础双语翻译第3章modified翻译课件

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1、Review1.Atomicstructure结构2.Thetwoatomicmodelscited引用,andnotethedifferencesbetweenthem.3.Theimportantquantum-mechanical量子力学principle原理thatrelatestoelectronenergies.4.Ionic,covalent,metallicbond1.Pleasecitethecharacteristicsofproton质子andelectron.2.1S2;2

2、p63.Pleaseexplainthedifferencebetweenthreebondings。4.Someoftheimportantproperties性能ofsolidmaterialsdependon依赖于geometrical几何atomicarrangements排列,andalsotheinteractions相互作用thatexist存在among在之间constituent成分atomsormolecules分子.5.在19世纪后期，人们建立了波尔原子模型与波动力学模型来解

3、释原子与亚原子体系，这就是众所周知的量子力学。QuentionsandProblemsSelectedAreaDiffractionPattern(SADP)Theincident(入射的)beamdirectionis<-110>Highvelocity高速度electronbeams(电子束)thatareproduced产生whenelectronsareaccelerated加速across穿过largevoltages电压becomewavelike波状的incharacter(本质上)

4、.Theirwavelengths波长areshorter较短的thaninteratomicspacings(原子间距),andthus因此thesebeamsmaybediffracted衍射byatomicplanes原子面incrystalline晶体的materials材料,inthesame同样的manner方式asx-raysX射线experience经验diffraction衍射.Doyouknowwhymagnesium镁ismoredifficulttobedeformed畸形

5、的thanaluminum铝,ormorebrittle脆弱?Whyglass玻璃istransparent透明的howevermostmetals金属areopaque不透明的?Itisallowing因为tothedifferenceoftheinterior内部structures结构indifferentmaterials材料.Studyingonthischapterwillhelpyoureveal显示manysecrets秘密intheworldofmaterials.Whystud

6、ystructuresofMetals金属andCeramics陶瓷?Electronegativityn.负电性↔electropositivity正电性geometryn.几何学grainn.晶粒grainboundary晶界gridn.格子hexagonal六角形的intercept截取interstitial空隙的，间隙anisotropy各向异性↔isotropy各向同性lattice格子，晶格parallel平行的↔perpendicular垂直的plane平面planar平面radi

7、uspl.radiin.半径↔diameterratio比reciprocal倒数sequencen.order序列inasequencesilicon硅sketch草图,素描stacking堆积，堆垛symmetryn.对称↔asymmetry不对称theoretical理论上的↔practical实际上valence原子价variant变量↔constant常量vectorn.aquantitysuchasforcethathasadirectionaswellassize矢量volume体积

8、↔area面积singlecrystals单晶↔polycrystallinematerials多晶Parallelism(平行,对应,类似)axe（轴）projection(投影)dividev.(除)multiplyv.（乘）integer(整数)comma（逗点,逗号）Enclosev.（装入）bracket（括弧）reduced（简化的）respectively（各自地）translation（平移）coordinate（坐标）origin（原点）parallel(平行的)