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1、JournalofArchaeologicalScience38(2011)3524e3532ContentslistsavailableatSciVerseScienceDirectJournalofArchaeologicalSciencejournalhomepage:http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jasPlantexploitationofthelastforagersatShizitanintheMiddleYellowRiverValleyChina:evidencefromgrindingstonesa,*ba
2、,cdefgLiLiu,WeiGe,SheahanBestel,DuncanJones,JinmingShi,YanhuaSong,XingcanChenaStanfordUniversity,USAbXiamenUniversity,ChinacMonashUniversity,AustraliadLaTrobeUniversity,AustraliaeShanxiMuseum,ChinafShanxiUniversity,ChinagInstituteofArchaeology,CASS,ChinaarticleinfoabstractArticleh
3、istory:Chinaisoneofthefewcentersintheworldwhereplantdomesticationevolvedindependently,butitsReceived13May2011developmentaltrajectoryispoorlyunderstood.ThisisbecausethereisconsiderablylessdatafromtheAccepted18August2011terminalPleistoceneandearlyHolocenedocumentedinChinathaninother
4、regions,suchastheNearEastandMesoamerica,andpreviousstudiesonPaleolithicsubsistenceinChinahavelargelyfocusedonKeywords:animalhuntingratherthanplantgathering.ToresolvetheseproblemsthecurrentresearchinvestigatedStarchanalysistherangeofplantsusedbylatePaleolithichunteregatherersinthem
5、iddleYellowRiverregionwhereUsewearanalysissomeoftheearliestfarmersemerged.WeemployedusewearandstarchanalysesongrindingstonestoTerminalPleistocenerecoverevidenceforplantuseinahuntingegatheringpopulationatalatePaleolithicsite,ShizitanEarlyHoloceneHuntingegatheringLocality9inJixian,S
6、hanxi(ca.13,800e8500cal.BP).TheusewearanalysisshowsthatallartifactsBroadspectrumstrategypreservedarangeofusewearpatternsbestmatchingmultipletasksandindicatingmulti-functionaluse.TransitiontofoodproductionStarchremainsrecoveredfromthesetoolsindicatethattheShizitanpeoplecollectedand
7、processedmanytypesofgrassseeds(PanicoideaeandPooideaesubfamilies),acorns(Quercussp.),beans(Pha-seoleaetribe)andyams(Dioscoreasp.).TheShizitanpeoplerepresentedsomeofthelasthunteregatherersinthemiddleYellowRiverregion.Theirbroadspectrumsubsistencestrategywasapparentlycarriedonbythefi
8、rstNeolithicfarmersinthesameregio
