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1、THECAMBRIDGEHISTORYOFJAPANVolume5TheNineteenthCenturyEditedbyMARIUSB.JANSENCAMBRIDGEUNIVERSITYPRESSCambridgeHistoriesOnline©CambridgeUniversityPress,2008CAMBRIDGEUNIVERSITYPRESSCambridge,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown,Singapore,SaoPaulo,DelhiCambridgeUniversi
2、tyPress32AvenueoftheAmericas,NewYork,NY10013-2473,USAwww.cambridge.orgInformationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9780521223560©CambridgeUniversityPress1989Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexceptionandtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreem
3、ents,noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewrittenpermissionofCambridgeUniversityPress.Firstpublished1989Reprinted1993,1996,2002,2004,2007PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaAcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.ISBN978-0-521-223
4、56-0hardbackCambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyofURLsforexternalorthird-partyInternetWebsitesreferredtointhispublicationanddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchWebsitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate.CambridgeHistoriesOnli
5、ne©CambridgeUniversityPress,2008GENERALEDITORS'PREFACESincethebeginningofthiscenturytheCambridgehistorieshavesetapatternintheEnglish-readingworldformultivolumeseriescontain-ingchapterswrittenbyspecialistsundertheguidanceofvolumeedi-tors.PlansforaCambridgehistory
6、ofJapanwerebeguninthe1970sandcompletedin1978.Thetaskwasnottobeeasy.ThedetailsofJapanesehistoryarenotmattersofcommonknowledgeamongWest-ernhistorians.TheculturalmodeofJapandiffersgreatlyfromthatoftheWest,andabovealltherearethedauntingproblemsofterminol-ogyandlangu
7、age.Incompensation,however,foreignscholarshavebeenassistedbytheremarkableachievementsofJapanesescholarsduringthelastcenturyinrecastingtheirhistoryinmodernconceptualandmethodologicalterms.HistoryhasplayedamajorroleinJapanesecultureandthought,andtheJapaneserecordi
8、slongandfull.Japan'srulersfromancienttimeshavefoundlegitimacyintradition,bothmythicandhistoric,andJapan'sthinkershaveprobedforanationalmoralityandsystemofvaluesinthei
