心理学主要流派课件

《心理学主要流派课件》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、心理学理论流派（theMainTheories）第一节精神分析理论（Psychoanalysis）Sigmund.FreudAnAustrianpsychiatristandpsychologistAfounderofpsychoanalysis1900-《interpretationofdreams》ProducinggreatinfluencesinmanyfieldsViennauniversityLearninghypnotherapyWhatispsychoanalysis？OneofthemaintheoriesinpsychologyTreatmentofmentaldisor

2、dersbybringingrepressedthoughtsintoconsciousmindtechniques:dreamanalysis,transferencefreeassociation,resistanceTheclassictheoryismodelofthepsychemodelofthepsycheConsciouspreconsciousUnconsciousconscious(small)thepartofabovethesurfaceofwaterthepartofthemindwhatyou’reawareof.sensation,perception,thin

3、king,emotionthepartwhichisrelatedtorealitypreconscious(small-medium)thepartnearthesurfaceofwaterordinarymemoriesandstoredknowledgecanbebroughtintoconscious.unconscious(enormous)Themostpartbeneaththesurfaceofwaterthispartcontainsimmoralurges,shamefulexperience,irrationalwishesandunacceptablesexualde

4、siresasadumpboxforurges,feelingsandideasexertinginfluenceonouractionsandourconsciousawarenesscanberevealedbydreams,hypnosisandunintentionalverbalerrororwritingerrorPersonalitystructureIdEgosuperegoTHEID(“It”)functionsintheirrationalandemotionalpartofthemind.theIdistheprimitivemind.Itcontainsalltheb

5、asicneedsandfeelings.libido(psychicenergy).ithasonlyonerule—the“pleasureprinciple”Idtoostrong=self-gratificationanduncaringtoothersTHEEGO:(“I”)functionswiththerationalpartofthemind.theEgorelatestotherealworldoperatesviathe“realityprinciple”.theEgorealizestheneedforcompromiseandnegotiatesbetweentheI

6、dandtheSuperego.egotoostrong=extremelyrationalandefficient,butcold,boringanddistantTHESUPEREGO(“Over-I”)thesuperegoisthelastpartofthemindtodevelop.Itmightbecalledthemoralpartofthemind.Itworksbyprincipleofideal.superegotoostrong=feelsguiltyallthetime,mayevenhaveaninsufferablysaintlypersonality.Orals

7、tageAnalstagePhallicstageLatencystageGenitalstagePsychosexualdevelopmenttheory口唇期指0～1岁发育期。这一时期婴儿原始欲力的满足，主要靠口腔部位的吸吮、咀嚼、吞咽等活动来获得满足，婴儿的快乐也多来自口腔的活动。指1～4岁的幼儿期。原始欲力主要靠排泄和控制大小便时所产生的刺激快感获得满足,对权利和意愿的躯体表达方式；卫生习惯训练的关键