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1、MotherTeresa(26August1910 –5September1997),bornAgnesGonxhaBojaxhiu[1](pronounced[aɡˈnɛsˈɡɔndʒabɔjaˈdʒiu]),wasaCatholicnunofAlbanian[2][3]ethnicityandIndiancitizenship,[4]whofoundedtheMissionariesofCharityinCalcutta,Indiain1950.Forover45yearssheministeredtothepoor,sick,orp
2、haned,anddying,whileguidingtheMissionariesofCharity'sexpansion,firstthroughoutIndiaandtheninothercountries.FollowingherdeathshewasbeatifiedbyPopeJohnPaulIIandgiventhetitleBlessedTeresaofCalcutta.[5][6]Bythe1970s,shewasinternationallyfamedasahumanitarianandadvocateforthepo
3、orandhelpless,dueinparttoadocumentaryandbookSomethingBeautifulforGodbyMalcolmMuggeridge.ShewontheNobelPeacePrizein1979andIndia'shighestcivilianhonour,theBharatRatna,in1980forherhumanitarianwork.MotherTeresa'sMissionariesofCharitycontinuedtoexpand,andatthetimeofherdeathitw
4、asoperating610missionsin123countries,includinghospicesandhomesforpeoplewithHIV/AIDS,leprosyandtuberculosis,soupkitchens,children'sandfamilycounsellingprograms,orphanages,andschools.inherearlyyearsAgneswasfascinatedbystoriesofthelivesofmissionariesandtheirservice,andbyage1
5、2wasconvincedthatsheshouldcommitherselftoareligiouslife.[12]Shelefthomeatage18tojointheSistersofLoretoasamissionary.Sheneveragainsawhermotherorsister.[13]Shetookherfirstreligiousvowsasanunon24May1931.AtthattimeshechosethenameTeresaafterThérèsedeLisieux,thepatronsaintofmis
6、sionaries.[16][17]Shetookhersolemnvowson14May1937,whileservingasateacherattheLoretoconventschoolineasternCalcutta.[2][18]AlthoughTeresaenjoyedteachingattheschool,shewasincreasinglydisturbedbythepovertysurroundingherinCalcutta.[19]TheBengalfamineof1943broughtmiseryanddeath
7、tothecity;andtheoutbreakofHindu/MuslimviolenceinAugust1946plungedthecityintodespairandhorror.[20]On10September1946,Teresaexperiencedwhatshelaterdescribedas"thecallwithinthecall"whiletravelingtotheLoretoconventinDarjeelingfromCalcuttaforherannualretreat."Iwastoleavetheconv
8、entandhelpthepoorwhilelivingamongthem.Itwasanorder.Tofailwouldhavebeentobreakthefaith."[21]Shebe
