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1、语法复习：虚拟语气和倒装句 知识总结与归纳： 虚拟语气：是一种与事实（包括过去，现在或将来）完全相反的陈述，表示假设，愿望，怀疑，推测或后悔。虚拟语气主要用于条件从句，让步从句和名词性从句。 虚拟语气句型中常见的动词形式： 1.动词过去式 2.haddone 3.would/could/should/mightdo 4.would/could/should/mighthavedone 5. were （一）虚拟语气用在与过去事实相反的假设的条件句中：表示假设，后悔或推测。 句型结构：If+主语+hadb
2、een/done….，主语+should/could/might/would+havedone…. 1.Iftheillnesshadbeendiagnosedadayearlier,itmighthavemadealldifferent. 2.Ifshehadtoldhimaboutthedanger,hewouldnothavegothurt. 3.IfIhadknownmoreaboutgivingfirstaid,Icouldhavehelpedhim. （二）虚拟语气用在与现在事实相反的假设的条件句中： 句型结构：If+主语+
3、were/动词过去式，主语+should/could/might/would+do 1.IfIhadHIV,IwouldknowbecauseIwouldfeelsick. 2.IfIwereyou,IwouldgiveanAIDSpatientahug. 3.虚拟语气用在与将来的结果相反的假设的条件句中： 句型结构：If+主语+weretodo,主语+should/could/might/would+do If+主语+shoulddo If+主语+动词过去式 （1）Ifweweretopanic,wewouldnotbeabl
4、etohelp. （2）Ifthelittlegirlshouldtakepianolessons,shewouldhavelessfreetime. （3）IfIweretolivelongenoughtohaveajob,Iwouldchoosetobeadoctor,helpingtheseAIDSpatients. 注意：虚拟条件句的从句中如果有助动词were;had或should可以去掉if以后用倒装句语序。 例句： ①HadInothelpedhim,hewouldhavefailedinbusiness. ②Should
5、Ibefree,Iwouldcome. ③Wereshemydaughter,Icouldsuggestadifferentplan. 注意：有时候，主，从句所描述的时间范围不一致，则根据具体语境调整动词的形式。 例句： ①Ifhehadcaughtthetrain,hewouldbeherebynow. ②YouwouldspeakEnglishwellenough,ifyouhadpracticedeveryday. （四）虚拟语气在其他句型中的使用： 1.用在与without,butfor,but,otherwise短语连
6、用的句型中： 例句： Theshipwouldhavesunkwithallonboardbutforeffortsofthecaptain. Therescuearrivedintime,otherwiseTheywouldhavebeenfrozentodeath. 2.用在It’stime句型中：It’stimethat主语+动词过去式…… It’stimethatIwenttoschoolandpickedupmydaughter. 3.在句型…asif/though+主语+动词过去式/were/haddone……
7、例句： HelookedatmeasifIweremad. “Iwishpeoplewouldfindoutthefacts,”shesays,“andnotactasifIwereabadordangerousperson.” Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain. 4.用在Ifonly句型中：表示：要是……该多好啊！ （1）Ifonlyyouhadn’ttoldJackiewhatIsaid,everythingwouldhavebeenallright. （2）Ifonlyyouwouldlistentoreas
8、on. 5.与“命令，建议，要求,有必要/重要”有关的名词性从句中的谓语动词
