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1、OralandmaxillofacialinfectionLiangYu-jieDepartmentoforalandmaxillofacialsurgeryGuanghuaschoolofstomatologyKeypointsinclinicalpracticeAnatomyClinicalmanifestationAntibioticsBasicknowledgeAnatomyImmunologySurgeryLogicinfection&inflammationinfection&contagionlocal&sy
2、stemic/genetalacute&chronicIntroduction◆Infection:thepathologicalstateresultingfromtheinvasionofthebodybypathogenicmicroorganisms◆Inflammation:thereactionofbodytotheinvasionofthesemicroorganismsandthetoxinsgeneratedbythem.Thereactioninclude:alteration,exudation,pr
3、oliferationImmuneresponseintheearlystageofinjuryGreenantibodybattlesaredantigen!◆existenceofnormalbacterialflora◆open,suitablemoistureandtemperature(oralcavityandsinus,tooth,gingival,tonsillar)Characterisitcsoforal&maxillofacialregionCharacterisitcsoforal&maxillof
4、acialregion◆fasciaspace◆abundantbloodcirculation,andvalvelessveinsCharacterisitcsoforal&maxillofacialregion◆abundantlymphadenCharacterisitcsoforal&maxillofacialregionModesofTransmissionReasonsofinfection◆Odontogenicperiapicalperiodontitis,pulpitis,periodontitis◆Ad
5、enogenouslymphadenitis,parotitis◆Traumatic◆Hemogenic◆IatrogenicinfectionWhatcausesinfectiousdiseases?MicroorganismsBacteriaVirusPrionFungusProtozoaHelminthProductsfrommicroorganismstoxinsPathogenicbacteria◆staphylococcus,streptococcus,escherichiacoli◆aerobic,anaer
6、obic,mixedinfections◆Thegeneralinfectionprocessarethemixedflora:earlyphasetheaerobicbactericconsumetheavailableoxygen,allowstheovergrowthofanaerobesPathogenicbacteriaAnaerobicAnaerobicAreallbacteriabad?No!Somebacteriaperformessentialfunctionsinthebodysuchas:skin:p
7、reventsmoreharmfulbacteriafromcolonizingintestines:helpsbodybreakdownandabsorbcertainnutrients;preventsmoreharmfulbacteriafromcausingintestinalinfectionsvagina:preventsyeastsfromovergrowingandcausinginfectionsOtherbodyareasarecolonizedandinfectionsonlyoccurinimmun
8、ocompromisedpeoplenasopharynx,oropharynx,esophagus,stomachWhydopeoplegetsick?HostFactorsagegenderethnicityimmunestatusnutritionalstatusbehaviorBalanceis