解剖学英文皮肤skin课件

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1、TheIntegumentarySystemandBodyMembranesTHESKINStructure—twoprimarylayerscalledepidermisanddermisEpidermisOutermostandthinnestprimarylayerofskinComposedofseverallayersofstratifiedsquamousepitheliumStratumgerminativum—innerlayerofcellsthatcontinuallyreproduce;newcellsmovetowardthesurfaceAsc

2、ellsapproachthesurface,theyarefilledwithatough,waterproofproteincalledkeratin;eventuallycellsflakeoffStratumcorneum—outermostlayerofkeratin-filledcellsTHESKINSkinpigment—deepestepidermallayerisresponsibleforproductionofpigment,whichgivescolortotheskinThebrownpigmentmelaninisproducedbyspec

3、ializedcellsinthislayer(melanocytes)Dermal-epidermaljunction—specializedareabetweentwoskinlayersBlisterscancausedifthisjunctionisdamagedordestroyedTHESKIN(cont.)DermisDeeperandthickerofthetwoprimaryskinlayersandcomposedlargelyofconnectivetissueUpperpapillarylayerofdermischaracterizedbypar

4、allelrowsoftinybumpscalleddermalpapillaeRidgesandgroovesindermisformpatternuniquetoeachindividualBasisoffingerprintingImprovesgripfortooluseandwalkingTHESKIN(cont.)DermisDeeperreticularlayerofdermis:filledwithnetworkoftough,interlacing,collagenousandstretchableelasticfibersNumberofelastic

5、fibersdecreaseswithageandcontributestowrinkleformationDermisalsocontainsnerveendings,musclefibers,hairfollicles,sweatandsebaceousglands,andmanybloodvesselsTHESKIN(cont.)AccessorystructuresoftheskinHairSofthairoffetusandnewborniscalledlanugoHairgrowthrequiresepidermaltubelikestructurecalle

6、dhairfollicleHairgrowthbeginsfromhairpapillaHairrootlieshiddeninfollicleandvisiblepartofhaircalledshaftArrectorpili—specializedsmoothmusclethatproduces“goosebumps”andcauseshairtostandupstraightTHESKIN(cont.)Accessorystructuresoftheskin(cont.)ReceptorsSpecializednerveendings—makeitpossible

7、forskintoactasasenseorganTactile(Meissner’s)corpuscle/Merkelcell—capableofdetectinglighttouchClosetotheskinsurfacePacinicorpuscle—capableofdetectingpressureLocateddeepinthedermisFreenerveendings–painKrauseendbulbs(bulboidcorpuscles)–low-frequencyvibrationTHESKIN(con