医学资料口腔麻醉与拔牙课件

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1、口腔局部麻醉与拔牙Orallocalanesthesiaandextractionofteeth常用局麻药物LocalanestheticagentLidocaineProcaineBupivacaineTetracaine(dicaine)Articaine(碧兰麻)口腔局部麻醉方法表面麻醉superficialanesthesia浸润麻醉infiltrationanesthesia阻滞麻醉blockanesthesiaorconductionanesthesia阻滞麻醉blockanesthesia上牙槽后神经阻滞麻醉Blocka

2、nesthesiaofposteriorsuperioralveolarnever腭前神经阻滞麻醉Blockanesthesiaofanteriorpalatinenever鼻腭神经阻滞麻醉Blockanesthesiaofnasopalatinenerve眶下神经阻滞麻醉Blockanesthesiaofinfraorbitalnerve下牙槽神经阻滞麻醉Blockanesthesiaofinferioralveolarnerve舌神经阻滞麻醉Blockanesthesiaoflingualnerve颊神经阻滞麻醉Blockanes

3、thesiaofbuccalnerve上牙槽后神经阻滞麻醉Blockanethesiaofposteriorsuperioralveolarnever解剖标志:上颌结节进针点操作要点麻醉范围腭前神经阻滞麻醉Blockanethesiaofanteriorpalatinenever解剖标志:腭大孔进针点操作要点麻醉范围鼻腭神经阻滞麻醉Blockanethesiaofnasopalatinenerve解剖标志:切牙孔进针点操作要点麻醉范围眶下神经阻滞麻醉Blockanethesiaofinfraorbitalnerve解剖标志:眶下孔进针

4、点操作要点麻醉范围下牙槽神经阻滞麻醉Blockanethesiaofinferioralveolarnerve解剖标志:下颌孔进针点操作要点麻醉范围舌神经阻滞麻醉Blockanethesiaoflingualnerve进针点操作要点麻醉范围颊神经阻滞麻醉Blockanethesiaofbuccalnerve进针点操作要点麻醉范围上颌神经阻滞麻醉Blockanethesiaofmaxillarynerve解剖标志:圆孔进针点操作要点翼腭管注射法颧下翼突注射法（颧弓、下颌切迹及翼外板为注射标志）麻醉范围下颌神经阻滞麻醉Blockaneth

5、esiaofmandibularnerve解剖标志:卵圆孔进针点操作要点麻醉范围局部麻醉的并发症和防治晕厥Swoon过敏反应Anaphylaxis中毒Toxication感染Infection血肿Hematoma注射针折断Breakingtheneedle暂时性面瘫Facialparalysis拔牙适应症ExtractionofteethIndicationSeverecariesPeridontitisⅢSevereapixDelayeddeciduousteethMultidentinemalposedImpactedteeth

6、TraumatismOrthodontictreatmentTeeththatarefociofinfectionExtractionfortreatment拔牙禁忌症ContraindicationBloodydisease:hemophiliarefactoryanemialeukemiaCardiovasculardiseaseDiabetesmellitusHyperthyroidism:thyr-oidcrisisNephropathyHepatitisPregnancyandmenstruationAcuteinfecti

7、onMalignenttumorInstrumentsDentalforceps,elevator,chisel,Gingivalseperator,curette,mallet拔牙的基本步骤分离牙龈挺松牙齿安插牙钳摇动或扭转拔出拔牙创的处理Cautions各类牙拔除术阻生牙拔除牙根拔除拔牙创的愈合拔牙创出血及血块形成15’血块机化（24小时后~一周）骨组织的修复（第六天开始4周）上皮覆盖拔牙创临床意义拔牙术的并发症与防治术中并发症软组织损伤牙根折断牙槽骨损伤口腔上颌窦交通其他损伤拔牙术的并发症与防治术后并发症拔牙后出血感染急性感染干

8、槽症Drysocket慢性感染Goodbye