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ID:19832922
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页数:23页
时间:2018-10-06
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1、SCHRODINGER’SCATFengqi&ChenfeiInShortSchrodinger’sThoughtExperimentThePrincipleofSuperpositionInterpretationsoftheexperimentQuestion:WhatisSchrodinger'sCat?Answer:ErwinSchrodingerThequantumwavefunctionViolationIllustrateTheThoughtExperimentAsteelcham
2、berpoisondetectorAcatisplacedinitAndwithit,asmallamountofaradioactivesubstanceAndaveilofpoisonThecatcanbealiveThecatcanbedeadOrboth?GuessAtomintheradioactivesubstanceisinastateofboth‘decayed’and‘undecayed’ThecatisbothdeadandaliveThePrincipleofSuperpo
3、sitionTheprincipleofsuperpositionsaysthatifanobjectcanbeinanyconfiguration,andiftheobjectcouldalsobeinanotherconfiguration,thentheobjectcanalsobeinastatewhichisasuperpositionofthetwo.QuestionthequestionsposedbySchrodinger'scatofhowlongsuperpositionsl
4、astandwhen(orif)theycollapse.InterpretationsoftheexperimentCopenhageninterpretationAsystemstopsbeingasuperpositionofstatesandbecomeseitheroneortheotherwhenanobservationtakesplace.closedsimultaneouslyexistsinasuperpositionopened+observationthewavefunc
5、tioncollapseintooneofthetwostates.NielsBohrThecatwouldbeeitherdeadoralivelongbeforetheboxisopenedbyaconsciousobserver.Analysisofanactualexperimentfoundthatmeasurementaloneissufficienttocollapseaquantumwavefunctionbeforethereisanyconsciousobservationo
6、fthemeasurement.Many-worldsinterpretationandconsistenthistoriesHughEverettBothaliveanddeadstatesofthecatpersistaftertheboxisopened,butaredecoherentfromeachother.opentheboxobserverentanglewiththecatthe"observationofthecat'sstate"andthe"cat'sstate"corr
7、espondwitheachother.Quantumdecoherenceensuresthatthedifferentoutcomeshavenointeractionwitheachother.RogerPenrosecriticises:"Iwishtomakeitclearthat,asitstands,thisisfarfromaresolutionofthecatparadox.Forthereisnothingintheformalismofquantummechanicstha
8、tdemandsthatastateofconsciousnesscannotinvolvethesimultaneousperceptionofaliveandadeadcat“.MaxTegmarkAvariantoftheSchrödinger'sCatexperiment,knownasthequantumsuicidemachine.ItexaminestheSchrödinger'sCatexperimentfromthepointofviewofthecat.Ensembleint
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