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1、2016年高考英语阅读理解专项练习题(6)(一) Ourbrainsworkincomplexandstrangeways.Therearesomepeoplewhocancalculatethedayoftheweekforanygivendatein40,000years,butwhocannotaddtwoplustwo.Otherscanperformcomplexclassicalpianopiecesafterhearingthemonce,buttheycannotreadorwrite. Dr.J.Langdo
2、nDownfirstdescribedthisconditionin1887.Hecalledthesepeopleidiotsavants.Anidiotsavantisapersonwhohassignificantmentalimpairment(损伤),suchasinautism(孤独症,自闭症)orretardation.Atthesametime,thepersonalsoexhibitssomeextraordinaryskills,whichareunusualformostpeople.Theskillsoft
3、hesavantmayvaryfrombeingexceptionallygiftedinmusicorinmathematics,orhavingaphotographicmemory. Oneofthefirstdescriptionsofahumanwhocouldcalculatequicklywaswrittenin1789byDr.BenjaminRush,anAmericandoctor.Hispatient,ThomasFuller,wasbroughttoVirginiaasaslavein1724.Ittoo
4、kThomasonly90secondstoworkoutthatamanwhohaslived70years,17days,and12hourshaslived2,210,500,800seconds.Despitethisability,hediedin1790withouteverlearningtoreadorwrite. Anotheridiotsavantslavebecamefamousasapianistinthe1860s.BlindTomhadavocabularyofonly100words,buthepl
5、ayed5,000musicalpiecesbeautifully. IntheexcellentmovieRainMan,madein1988andavailableonvideocassette,DustinHoffmanplaysanidiotsavantwhoamazeshisbrotherplayedbyTomCruise,withhisabilitytoperformcomplexcalculationsveryrapidly. Todaywemoreclearlyrecognizethattheidiotsava
6、ntisspecialbecauseofbrainimpairment.Yetnotallbrainimpairmentleadstosavantskills.Somestudieshaveshownthatpeoplewhohavepurposefulinterruptionoftheleftsideofthebraincandevelopidiotsavantskills.Howeverfewpeoplewishtoparticipateinsuchexperiments.Therearemanyexcellentreason
7、sfornotundergoingunnecessaryexperimentationonone'sbrain.Thetermidiotsavantisoutdatedandinappropriate.Virtuallyallsavantshaveahighdegreeofintelligenceandarethusnotidiots. 72.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout? A.Idiotsavantshaveareasofoutstandingabilities. B.HumanBei
8、ngshavecomplicatedthinkingprocess. C.Thebrainsoftheidiotsavantsarepartlyimpaired. D.Thereasonswhypeoplehavewonderfulskills