资源描述：
《英国国家概况知识点.doc》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、U.K.Officialname：TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.Size:242,514squarekilometers(93,635squaremiles).Location：isacountrysituatedintheBritishIsles，whichlieoffthenorthwestcoastoftheEuropeancontinent.4politicaldivisions：Scotland，England，Wales，NorthernIrelandCapital：London,Locatedon
2、thebankoftheRiverThamesinsoutheastEngland.BenNevis:英国最高山thehighestmountain，本尼维斯山脉1343m,inScotland.LoughNeagh：英国最大湖泊thelargestlake，内伊湖396平方千米，inNorthernIreland.ThamesRiver：英国最重要河流theimportantriver,泰晤士河(母亲河/第二长河)336km，inEnglandBritishIsles：不列颠群岛（包括大不列颠岛、爱尔兰岛、马恩岛及附近的5500多个小岛；群岛上有英国和爱尔兰共和国）.Grea
3、tBritain=Scotland+England+WalesJuliusCaesar：(100BC—44BC凯撒大帝)Romegeneral,statesmanandhistorian.HeinvadedBritain(55BC),crushedthearmyofhispoliticalenemyPompey(48BC),pursuedotherenemiestoEgypt,whereheinstalledCleopatraasqueen(47BC),returnedtoRome,andwasgivenamandatebythepeopletoruleasdictatorun
4、tilhewasmurdered(44BC).Roman’sInfluence：Christianityspread/Eg:RomanbathhouseinBath,England.????????ConstantinetheGreat：(272-337)ThefirstChristianEmperorAngle&Saxons：Threeinvasions：Germanictribesmen、Vikings(knownasDanes)、NormansAlfredtheGreat：“TheFatheroftheBritishNavy”WilliamtheConqueror：cre
5、atedanewandmorepowerfulcountryunderoneking,eventuallyruledoverthewholeislandcalledGreatBritain,built“TheTowerofLondon”.HundredYear’sWar：1337-1453,wasfoughtonFrenchsoilandthroughoutthewesternregionoftheContinentandatsea.JoanofArc：Frenchmilitaryleaderandnationalheroineofthe15thcentury,whoatthe
6、ageof17tookuparmstoestablishtherightfulkingontheFrenchthrone.SheclaimedtohaveheardGodspeaktoherinvoices.Theseclaimseventuallyledtohertrialforheresyandherexecutionbyburningatthestake.BlackDeath：Adiseasespreadbyratfleas.AlsoknownastheBlackPlague,itwasadevastatingpandemicthatfirststruckEuropein
7、themid-14thcentury,killingbetweenathirdandtwo-thirdsofEurope’spopulation,includingaboutone-thirdofEngland’spopulation.Reformation：改革/创新???????????HenryVIII：一生有六位王后,进行了多项改革。Initiatedarevolutionin1533,separatingtheEnglishchurchfromRomeandestablishing
