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1、WORD文档可编辑AnOutlineofAmericanHistoryChaper1EarlyAmerica•TheFirstAmericans•Beringia•TheFirstEuropeans:•ThefirstEuropeanstoarriveinNorthAmerica--atleastthefirstforwhomthereissolidevidence--wereNorse,travelingwestfromGreenland.•In1497,justfiveyearsafterChristopherColumbuslandedintheCaribbeanlookingforaw
2、esternroutetoAsia,aVenetiansailornamedJohnCabotarrivedinNewfoundlandonamissionfortheBritishking.Althoughfairlyquicklyforgotten,Cabot'sjourneywaslatertoprovidethebasisforBritishclaimstoNorthAmerica.ItalsoopenedthewaytotherichfishinggroundsoffGeorge'sBanks,towhichEuropeanfishermen,particularlythePortu
3、guese,weresoonmakingregularvisits.•AmongthemostsignificantearlySpanishexplorationswasthatofHernandoDeSoto,aveteranconquistadorwhohadaccompaniedFranciscoPizzaroduringtheconquestofPeru.•WhiletheSpanishwerepushingupfromthesouth,thenorthernportionofthepresent-dayUnitedStateswasslowlybeingrevealedthrough
4、thejourneysofmensuchasGiovannidaVerrazano.AFlorentinewhosailedfortheFrench,VerrazanomadelandfallinNorthCarolinain1524,thensailednorthalongtheAtlanticcoastpastwhatisnowNewYorkharbor.•Adecadelater,theFrenchmanJacquesCartiersetsailwiththehope--liketheotherEuropeansbeforehim--offindingaseapassagetoAsia.
5、Cartier'sexpeditionsalongtheSt.LawrenceRiverlaidthefoundationsfortheFrenchclaimstoNorthAmerica,whichweretolastuntil1763.•FollowingthecollapseoftheirfirstQuebeccolonyinthe1540s,FrenchHuguenotsattemptedtosettlethenortherncoastofFloridatwodecadeslater.TheSpanish,viewingtheFrenchasathreattotheirtraderou
6、tealongtheGulfStream,destroyedthecolonyin1565.Ironically,theleaderoftheSpanishforces,PedroMenendez,wouldsoonestablishatownnotfaraway--St.Augustine.ItwasthefirstpermanentEuropeansettlementinwhatwouldbecometheUnitedStates.•In1578HumphreyGilbert,theauthorofatreatiseonthesearchfortheNorthwestPassage,rec
7、eivedapatentfromQueenElizabethtocolonizethe"heathenandbarbarouslandes"intheNewWorldwhichotherEuropeannationshadnotyetclaimed.Itwouldbefiveyearsbeforehiseffortscouldbegin.Whenhewaslostatsea,hishalf-bro
