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1、***************************来自：Apollo号****************************对外经济贸易大学2002年攻读硕士研究生入学考试经贸专业英语试题本试题为英译中，共五段，每段二十分。1.TheTrue,PeacefulFaceofIslamThereare1.2billionMuslimsintheworld,andIslamistheworld’sfastest-growingreligion.IftheevilcarnagewewitnessedonSept.11weretypicalofthefait
2、h,andIslamtrulyinspiredandjustifiedsuchviolence,itsgrowthandtheincreasingpresenceofMuslimsinbothEuropeandtheU.S.wouldbeaterrifyingprospect.Fortunately,thisisnotthecase.TheverywordIslam,whichmeans“surrender”,isrelatedtotheArabicsalam,orpeace.WhentheProphetMuhammadbroughttheinspire
3、dscriptureknownasKorantotheArabsintheearly7thcenturyA.D.,amajorpartofhismissionwasdevotedpreciselytobringinganendtothekindofmassslaughterwewitnessedinNewYorkCityandWashington.Pre-IslamicArabiawascaughtupinaviciouscycleofwarfare,inwhichtribefoughttribeinapatternofvendettaandcounte
4、r-vendetta.Muhammadhimselfsurvivedseveralassassinationattempts,andtheearlyMuslincommunitynarrowlyescapedexterminationbythepowerfulcityofMecca.TheProphethadtofightadeadlywarinordertosurvive,butassoonashefelthispeoplewereprobablysafe,hedevotedhisattentiontobuildingupapeacefulcoalit
5、ionoftribesandachievedvictorybyaningeniousandinspiringcampaignofnon-violence.Whenhediedin632,hehadalmostsingle-handedlybroughtpeacetowar-tornArabia.BecausetheKoranwasrevealedinthecontextofanall-outwar,severalpassagesdealwiththeconductofarmedstruggle.Warfarewasadesperatebusinesson
6、theArabianPeninsula.Achieftainwasnotexpectedtosparesurvivorsafterabattle,andsomeoftheKoraninjunctionsseemtosharethisspirit.MuslimsareorderedbyGodto“slay[enemies]whereveryoufindthem!”.ExtremistssuchasOsamabinladenliketoquotesuchversesbutdososelectively.Theydonotincludetheexhortati
7、ontopeace,whichinalmosteverycasefollowthesemoreferociouspassages:”Thus,iftheyletyoube,anddonotmakewaronyou,andofferyoupeace,Goddoesnotallowyoutoharmthem.Islamisnotaddictedtowar,andjihadisnotoneofits“pillars”,oressentialpractices.Theprimarymeaningofthewordjihadisnot”holywar”but“st
8、ruggle”.Itreferstothedifferenteffortthat
