[经管营销]economics

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1、UNIT-1IntroductionWhatismicroeconomics?Centralproblemsofaneconomy,productionpossibilitycurveandopportunitycost.Aneconomyisasystemthatprovidespeoplewiththemeanstoworkandearnalivingintheprocessofproduction.MICROECONOMICS_Itisthatbranchofeconomicstheorywhichstudiesthebehaviorofindividualeco

2、nomicsunitsoftheeconomyi.e.household,individualfirmsetc.MACROECONOMICS_Itisthatbranchofeconomicstheorywhichstudieseconomyasawholeandbehaviorofaggregatessuchastotaloutput,employmentlevel,andaggregatespricelevel.ECONOMICSPROBLEM_itisbasicallytheproblemofchoicewhicharisesbecauseof(1)Recours

3、esarescarce.(2)Recourseshavealternativeuses.CENTRALPROBLEM_Itisallocationofresourcesormakingchoicesamongalternativeusesofscarceresources.Allcentralproblemofaneconomyariseduetoscarcityofresourceshavingalternativeuses.Threefundamentalcentralproblemsare(1)Whattoproduce(2)Howtoproduce(3)Forw

4、homtoproduceTheseproblemsaresolvedthroughpricemechanisminacapitalisteconomyandthroughcentralplanninginasocialisteconomy.PRODUCTIONPOSSIBILITYCURVE-Itisacurvewhichdepictsallpossiblecombinationsoftwogoodswhichaneconomycanproducewithavailabletechnologyandfullandefficientuseofrecourses.OPPOR

5、TUNITYCOST–Itisequaltothevalueofnextbestalternativeforgone.MARGINALOPPORTUNITYCOST–MOCofparticulargoodistheamountofothergoodwhichisscarficedtoproduceanadditionalunitofthatparticulargood.MOCisalsocalledMARGINALRATETRANSFORMATION.PartA-IntroductoryMicroeconomicsUnit1:IntroductionQ1Whythepr

6、oblemofchoicearisesinaneconomy?Q2Whatarethetwofactorswhichdefinescarcity?Q3Whythereisaneedforeconomisingofresources?Q4Whatdoyoumeanbyaproductionpossibilitycurve?Q5WhatrolePPChasinsolvingcentralproblemsofaneconomy?Q6Giveatableshowingtheproductionoftwocommoditieswiththehelpofgivenresources

7、?Q7Drawaproductionpossibilitycurve.Q8WhatdoesaPPCshow?Q9IfwemovefromonepointtoanotheronPPC,whatdoesitmean?Q10WhytheproductionatapointtowardslefthandsidefromPPCisnotdesirable?Q11WhatdoyoumeanbyapointbelowPPC?Q12Howisitpossibletoincreasetheproductionofonecommoditywithoutsac