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1、CulturalDifferencesinNamesⅠ.IntroductionLanguageisthecarrierofcultureandthetoolforcommunication,whilecultureisthesoilforthesurvivalanddevelopmentoflanguage.Inaworldofmulti-culture,differentlanguagesshowvariousfeatures,whichreflectdifferentpatternsofthinking.Thespecifiedinvestiga
2、tionofdifferentculturesanddifferentlanguagesisofgreatimportance,becauseitwillgivepeopleafullunderstandingofthosewhoarefromdifferentculturalbackgroundandspeakotherkindsoflanguages.“People’snameisthemostuniversallanguagephenomenonineachhumansociety;itisalsothehistoricalproductofhu
3、mansocialdevelopment”(Sun,51).Asapartofhumanculture,itreflectsthecivilizedconditionandthesocialcustomsituationofhumansocialdevelopmentfromdifferentangles.Naminghabitsisaminiatureofthenationalculture.Itscharacteristicsandthedevelopmenthavecloserelationwithnationalhistory,religion
4、,custom,culturalmentality,andsocialvirtueandsoon.Thatmeans“people’snameisaminiatureofthenationalculture.”(Qiu,288)SincebothChineseandEnglishspeakingcountriesaremadeupofvariousethnicgroupsandeachhasitsownwayofnaming,whenthecomparisonismadebetweenthesetwoparts,thestartingpointshou
5、ldbesetatthebroadestphenomenaexistinginthem,thatisthatthecomparisonwillbedonemainlyinthenamingsystemofHanethnicgroupandthegeneralusednamingsysteminthemajorityofEnglishspeakingcountries.15Ⅱ.CulturalandSocialFunctionsofNamesThoughtheformsofnamesdifferfromnationtonation,thecultural
6、andsocialfunctionscarriedbyitstaythesame.Inallthefunctionsthatnamecarries,identifyingindividualsisthebasicone,whichwasgainedintheprehistoricalperiod.Namereceivedthisfunctionnaturally,sinceinthecommunication,whichintensifiedwithtime,anindividualmustbesignedtobedistinguishedfromot
7、hers.Humanisthemostsocializedanimalinallkindsofanimalsexisting.Intheprehistoricalperiod,the“socialization”mainlyrepresentedasthecollaborationinthelaboringandlivingamongothersinthesametribe.Thus,makingoutthedistinctionsandrelationsamongdifferentindividualsbecamethefirstnecessityi
8、neverydaylife.Namewascreatedtofulfillthisneed.A