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1、电气信息工程学院外文翻译英文名称：Datamining-clustering译文名称：数据挖掘—聚类分析专业：自动化姓名：****班级学号：****指导教师：******译文出处：Datamining：IanH.Witten,EibeFrank著Clustering5.1INTRODUCTIONClusteringissimilartoclassificationinthatdataaregrouped.However,unlikeclassification,thegroupsarenotpredefined.Instead,
2、thegroupingisaccomplishedbyfindingsimilaritiesbetweendataaccordingtocharacteristicsfoundintheactualdata.Thegroupsarecalledclusters.Someauthorsviewclusteringasaspecialtypeofclassification.Inthistext,however,wefollowamoreconventionalviewinthatthetwoaredifferent.Manydef
3、initionsforclustershavebeenproposed:lSetoflikeelements.Elementsfromdifferentclustersarenotalike.lThedistancebetweenpointsinaclusterislessthanthedistancebetweenapointintheclusterandanypointoutsideit.Atermsimilartoclusteringisdatabasesegmentation,whereliketuple(record)
4、inadatabasearegroupedtogether.Thisisdonetopartitionorsegmentthedatabaseintocomponentsthatthengivetheuseramoregeneralviewofthedata.Inthiscasetext,wedonotdifferentiatebetweensegmentationandclustering.AsimpleexampleofclusteringisfoundinExample5.1.Thisexampleillustratest
5、hefactthatthatdetermininghowtodotheclusteringisnotstraightforward.AsillustratedinFigure5.1,agivensetofdatamaybeclusteredondifferentattributes.Hereagroupofhomesinageographicareaisshown.Thefirstfloortypeofclusteringisbasedonthelocationofthehome.Homesthataregeographical
6、lyclosetoeachotherareclusteredtogether.Inthesecondclustering,homesaregroupedbasedonthesizeofthehouse.Clusteringhasbeenusedinmanyapplicationdomains,includingbiology,medicine,anthropology,marketing,andeconomics.Clusteringapplicationsincludeplantandanimalclassification,
7、diseaseclassification,imageprocessing,patternrecognition,anddocumentretrieval.Oneofthefirstdomainsinwhichclusteringwasusedwasbiologicaltaxonomy.RecentusesincludeexaminingWeblogdatatodetectusagepatterns.Whenclusteringisappliedtoareal-worlddatabase,manyinterestingprobl
8、emsoccur:lOutlierhandlingisdifficult.Heretheelementsdonotnaturallyfallintoanycluster.Theycanbeviewedassolitaryclusters.However,ifac
