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时间:2018-11-14
《英语被动语态语法讲解》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、初中被动语态语法讲解(一) 语 态 分 类英语动词有两种语态.,主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如: Theywillbuildanewbridgeovertheriver.(主动)Anewbridgewillbebuiltovertheriver.(被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动,而英语用:助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。(二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上,其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。以give为例,列表如下:一般现在时:am/is/are+done一般过去
2、时:was/were+done一般将来时:shall/will+bedone一般过去将来时:should/would+bedone现在进行时:am/is/are+being+done过去进行时:was/were+being+done现在完成时:have/has+been+done过去完成时:had+been+done将来完成时:shall/ will+havebeen+done过去将来完成时:should/would+havebeen+done [注]被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态1.一般现在时:(1)Peoplegrowriceint
3、hesouthofthecountry.Rice isgrown inthesouthofthecountry.(2)Theschooldoesn'tallowustoenterlabwithoutateacher.We arenotallowed toenterlabwithoutateacher.2.一般过去时:(1)Theyagreedonbuildinganewcarfactorylastmonth.anewcarbuildingfactory wasagreed onlastmonth.(2)Thestudentsdidn'tforgethislessonseasily.
4、Hislessons werenot easily forgotten3.一般将来时:(1)Theywillsendcarsabroadbysea.Cars willbesent abroadbysea.(2)Theywillgiveplentyofjobstoschool-leavers.Plentyofjobs willbegiven toschool-leavers.5.现在进行时:(1)TheradioisbroadcastingEnglishlessons.Englishlessons arebeingbroadcasted ontheradio.(2)Wearepain
5、tingtherooms.Therooms arebeingpainted.6.过去进行时:(1)Theworkersweremendingtheroad.Theroad wasbeingmended.(2)Thistimelastyearwewereplantingtreeshere.Trees werebeingplanted herethistimelastyear.7.现在完成时:(1)Someonehastoldme themeetingmightbeputoff.I havebeentold themeeting mightbeputoff.(2)Hehasbrough
6、thisbookhere.Hisbook hasbeenbrought here.(四)含有情态动词的被动语态:含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。(1)You musthandin yourhomeworkafterclass.Yourhomework mustbehandedin afterclass.(2)He canwrite aletterwiththecomputer.Aletter canbewritten withthecomputerbyhim.(五) 被 动 语 态 的 使 用1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时,常用被动
7、语态,这时往往不用by 短语。 “Mr.White,thecupwasbrokenafterclass.”2.突出或强调动作的承受者,如果需要说出动作的执行者,用by 短语。TheserecordsweremadebyJohnDenver.ThecupwasbrokenbyPaul.3.当主语既不是动作的执行者,也不是动作的承受者时,这时常用in+ 名词作状语,而代替by 短语。 ThesecarsweremadeinChina.(六)主动语态变被动语态的方法(1
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