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1、Romanticism浪漫主义ADefinitionItroseintheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies.Incontrasttoclassicismitisassociatedwithimaginationandcreationofindividuality.Romanticwritersattachgreatimportancetotheportrayaloffiguresofdistinctivecharacters.Theyreproducelifeintheirwritingsaccordingtotheirideala
2、ndpreferimaginative,evenfantasticvisiontorestrictionofobjectivedepiction,passiontoelegance,andirregularbeautytoperfectproportion.(SeeTextbookP.2)I.BackgroundAsanapproachinliterarycreation,romanticismiseverpresentinliteratureofalltimes.Asaliterarytrendormovement,itoccurredanddevelopedi
3、nEuropeandAmericaattheturnofthe18thand19thcenturiesagainstthehistoricalbackgroundoftheIndustrialRevolutionaround1760andtheFrenchRevolution(1789-1799).RomanticTheterm“Romantic”asadesignationforaschoolofliteratureopposedtotheClassicwasfirstusedbytheGermancriticFriedrichSchlegel(1772-189
4、2)atthebeginningofthe19thcentury.FromGermany,thismeaningwascarriedtoEnglandandFrance.Romanticismmarkedthereactioninliterature,philosophy,art,religion,andpoliticsfromtheNeoclassicismandformalorthodoxyofthepast.II.Characteristics1.Arebellionagainsttheobjectivityofrationalism.2.Forromant
5、ics,thefeelings,intuitionsandemotionsweremoreimportantthanreasonandcommonsense.3.TheworldisnotregardedasatickingwatchmadebyGodbutaliving,breathingbeing.4.Theyemphasizedindividualism,placingtheindividualagainstthegroup,againstauthority.5.Theyaffirmedtheinnerlifeoftheself,andwantedeachp
6、ersontobefreetodevelopandexpresshisowninnerthoughts.6.Theycherishedstronginterestinthepast,especiallythemedieval.7.Theywereattractedbythewild,irregular,theindefinite,theremote,themysterious,andthestrange.III.AmericanRomanticism1)BackgroundRomanticismwasextremelyinfluentialinrisingAmer
7、ica.Americahadastrongspiritualtradition.RomanticismwasverycomfortablewithAmericanspiritualheritageanditsidealsofdemocracyandequality.Romanticismstretchedfromtheendofthe18thcenturytotheCivilWar.AsAmericawasstrivingforpolitical,economic,andculturalindependencefromBritain,radicalchangest
8、ookpl
