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1、TheTragedyofHamlet,PrinceofDenmarkWilliamShakespeareOneofShakespeare’sgreatesttragedies,Shakespeare’smasterpiece.“Hamlet”waswrittenintheearly17thcentury,thethemefromtheDanishhistorianSakeSuo’s“DanishHistory”,theplaytothebackgroundofthemedieval（中世纪的）palacein
2、DenmarkbyHamlettoavengehisfather’sstory,isreallydescribeEnglandinthelateRenaissanceandthetruefaceofEuropeansociety,theperformanceoftheauthor’sprofound（深远的）reflectionontheRenaissanceandthefateandfutureofdeepconcern.Shakespeareinthesubjectmatterofthisancientm
3、eaningandvalueoflife,goodandevil,reasonandjusticeandotherphilosophicalquestions,sothatworksasonewithaphilosophicaltragedy.Briefintroduction背景介绍莎士比亚生活在欧洲历史上封建制度日趋没落、资本主义兴起的交替时代。为了资本主义的发展，在思想领域新兴的资产阶级文艺对封建文化展开了激烈的斗争，这就是欧洲历史上著名的“文艺复兴”时期，莎士比亚就是这一时代最杰出的戏剧家和诗人。本剧
4、取材于12世纪的一部丹麦史，作者用人文主义的观点，把这个只是单纯为父复仇的故事，改写成一部深刻反映时代面貌、具有强烈反封建意识的悲剧。Maincharacters哈姆雷特Hamlet-ThePrinceofDenmark,thetitlecharacter,andtheprotagonist(主角).Aboutthirtyyearsoldatthestartoftheplay,HamletisthesonofQueenGertrudeandthelateKingHamlet,andthenephew（侄子）o
5、fthepresentking,Claudius.Hamletismelancholy（忧郁的）,bitter,andcynical（愤世嫉俗的）,fullofhatredforhisuncle’sscheming（诡计多端的）anddisgustforhismother’ssexuality.AreflectiveandthoughtfulyoungmanwhohasstudiedattheUniversityofWittenberg,Hamletisoftenindecisive（犹豫不决的）andhes
6、itant,butatothertimespronetorashandimpulsiveacts.克劳迪斯Claudius-TheKingofDenmark,Hamlet’suncle,andtheplay’santagonist.Thevillain（戏剧中的反派角色）oftheplay,Claudiusisacalculating,ambitiouspolitician,drivenbyhissexualappetitesandhislustfor（贪求）power,butheoccasionallysh
7、owssignsofguiltandhumanfeeling—hisloveforGertrude,forinstance,seemssincere.乔特鲁德Gertrude-Danishqueen,theprince’sownmother.PharaohdiedsheremarriedClaudius,attheageofShakespearethisrelationshipisregardedasincest（乱伦）,socausedHamlethatred.Shebaby-satforHamletmis
8、takenlydrankthepoisonouswine,onthespot,died.奥菲莉亚Ophelia-Polonius’sdaughter,abeautifulyoungwomanwithwhomHamlethasbeeninlove.Opheliaisasweetandinnocentyounggirl,whoobeysherfatherandherbrother,Laertes.Dep
