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1、第十二届全国新型炭材料学术研讨会论文集·1·沥青原料对炭纤维物理性能的影响唐摇文,摇孙摇兵,摇袁观明,摇徐摇兵,摇黄家骏,摇董志军,摇李轩科(武汉科技大学煤转化与新型炭材料湖北省重点实验室,武汉430081)摘摇要:摇以3种高软化点各向同性沥青(分别由天津合兴、济宁碳素和东岛碳素提供,依次简记为TJ、JN、SC)为原料,经熔融纺丝制得纤维原丝,然后通过预氧化(240益)、炭化(1000益)和石墨化(2000益、3000益)处理得到各向同性炭(石墨)纤维。采用红外光谱和热重分析对不同沥青原料的分子结构和热稳定性进行了比较,并对其可纺性及其所制炭(石墨)纤维的形貌、结构和性能进行了表征。结
2、果表明,3种原料沥青所含官能团大体相似,其热稳定性存在差异,纺丝效果明显不同,JN和SC沥青的热稳定性较好其可纺性也较好,TJ沥青的热稳定性比较差其可纺性不理想;不同沥青所得炭(石墨)纤维内部晶体结构相差不大,随热处理温度的提高,纤维内部石墨微晶逐渐发育,但微晶生长有限;同种沥青所得纤维,随热处理温度提高,纤维直径逐渐减小,纤维拉伸强度呈先增加后减小的趋势,断裂伸长率逐渐减小,纤维杨氏模量逐渐增大,轴向电阻率逐渐减小;2000益石墨化SC纤维(椎=30滋m)的物理性能较好,其拉伸强度和杨氏模量分别为0.95GPa和59.7GPa,其断裂伸长率为1.59%,室温轴向电阻率为30.53滋赘
3、·m。关键词:摇各向同性沥青;炭(石墨)纤维;结构;物理性能中图分类号:摇TQ342.74文献标识码:摇AInfluenceofpitchrawmaterialsonphysicalpropertiesofcarbonfibersTangWen,摇SunBing,摇YuanGuan鄄ming,摇XuBing,HuangJia鄄jun,摇DongZhi鄄jun,LiXuan鄄ke(HubeiProvinceKeyLaboratoryofCoalConversion&NewCarbonMaterials,WuhanUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Wuhan
4、430081,China)Abstract:摇Usingthreetypesofisotropicpitcheswithahighsofteningpoint(providedbythreedifferentproducersandnamedasTJ,NJandSC)astherawmaterials,pitch鄄basedcarbonandgraphitefiberswerepreparedbymelt鄄spinningandsubsequentlyoxi鄄dativestabilizationat240益,carbonizationat1000益andgraphitizationa
5、t2000益and3000益.ThemolecularstructureandthermalstabilityofthevariouspitcheswasresearchedbyFTIRandTG鄄DTGanalyses,andthemorphology,microstructureandpropertyoftheobtainedcarbonandgraphitefiberswerecharacterized.Theresultsshowthatthedifferentpitchespossesssimilarfunctionalgroupsandvariablethermalstab
6、ility.ThespinnabilityofJNandSCpitchesisbetterthanthatofTJpitch.Differentcar鄄bonandgraphitefibersderivedfromvariouspitcheshaveasimilarinternalcrystalstructureandthegraphitecrystallitegrowgradual鄄lywiththeincreaseofheattreatmenttemperature,however,thecrystallitesizeisfinallylimited.Forthecarbonand
7、graphitefibersderivedfromthesamepitch,theirdiameter,elongationatbreakandaxialelectricalresistivityalldecreasewiththeincreasingofheattreatmenttemperature,andtheirtensilestrengthfirstlyincreasesandthendecreases,theYoung'smodul
