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1、StonehengeWiltshireStonehengeissurelyBritain'sgreatestnationalicon,symbolizingmystery,powerandendurance.Itsoriginalpurposeisuncleartous,butsomehavespeculatedthatitwasatemplemadefortheworshipofancientearthdeities.Ithasbeencalledanastronomicalobservatoryformarkingsignificant
2、eventsontheprehistoriccalendar.Othersclaimthatitwasasacredsitefortheburialofhigh-rankingcitizensfromthesocietiesoflongago.Whilewecan'tsaywithanydegreeofcertaintywhatitwasfor,wecansaythatitwasn'tconstructedforanycasualpurpose.Onlysomethingveryimportanttotheancientswouldhave
3、beenworththeeffortandinvestmentthatittooktoconstructStonehenge.StonehengeThestonesweseetodayrepresentStonehengeinruin.Manyoftheoriginalstoneshavefallenorbeenremovedbypreviousgenerationsforhomeconstructionorroadrepair.Therehasbeenseriousdamagetosomeofthesmallerbluestonesres
4、ultingfromclosevisitorcontact(prohibitedsince1978)andtheprehistoriccarvingsonthelargersarsenstonesshowsignsofsignificantwear.ConstructionoftheHengeInitsday,theconstructionofStonehengewasanimpressiveengineeringfeat,requiringcommitment,timeandvastamountsofmanuallabor.Initsfi
5、rstphase,Stonehengewasalargeearthwork;abankandditcharrangementcalledahenge,constructedapproximately5,000yearsago.Itisbelievedthattheditchwasdugwithtoolsmadefromtheantlersofreddeerand,possibly,wood.Theunderlyingchalkwasloosenedwithpicksandshoveledwiththeshoulderbladesofcatt
6、le.Itwasthenloadedintobasketsandcarriedaway.Modernexperimentshaveshownthatthesetoolsweremorethanequaltothegreattaskofearthdiggingandmoving.TheBluestonesAbout2,000BC,thefirststonecircle(whichisnowtheinnercircle),comprisedofsmallbluestones,wassetup,butabandonedbeforecompleti
7、on.ThestonesusedinthatfirstcirclearebelievedtobefromthePrescellyMountains,locatedroughly240milesaway,atthesouthwesterntipofWales.Thebluestonesweighupto4tonseachandabout80stoneswereused,inall.Giventhedistancetheyhadtotravel,thispresentedquiteatransportationproblem.Modernthe
8、oriesspeculatethatthestonesweredraggedbyrollerandsledgefromtheinlandmountainstotheheadwat
