初中英语宾语从句讲与练

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1、初中英语宾语从句讲与练宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形鞞词的宾语。宾语从句三要素：连词、语序、时态。一、连词l.rflthat引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：Ithink(that)havingenoughsleepisgoodforyou.Iamsure(that)ourteamwillwinthematch.Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.2.巾连接代词who,whom，whose，what，which和选接副词when，where,

2、why,how，howmany,howlong等引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如:Hedidn’ttellmewhenhewouldcomeback.Iamthinkingabouthowlcandealwiththematter.Doyouknowwhosebikeisthenewest?Canyoutel1mewho（whom）ourteacherintakingwith?withwhomourteacheristalking?3.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：Iwa

3、nttoknowif（whether）he1ivesthere.Couldyoutel1meiffwhether）therewillbeacharityshowthisweekend?Heaskediffwhether）theyhadfinishedtheirwork.*只用whether，不能用if的情况：1）whethernJ直接跟ornot，if不能。如果分开，则都可以。Whether/if...ornot如：Letmeknowwhetherornotyoucancome.Letmeknowwhether/ifyoucancomeornot.2）宾语从句前置

4、时。如：Whetherthisistrue,Ican’tsay.3）引导主语、表语、同位语从句时，只能用whether,不能用if。如：Whetherthefootballgamewil1beplayeddependsontheweather.（主语从句）Thequestioniswhetherhecandoit.（表语从句）Thequestionwhetherweshouldgowiththemmustbedecidedatonce.（同位语从句）4）从句在介词之后作介词的宾语时，只能用whether，不能用if。如:Theyaretalkingaboutwhe

5、thertheywillgooutforapicnic.Ihaven’tcomeupwiththeideaofwhetherI’llgobackhome.5）whether可接动词不定式，if不能。如:Whethertogoorstayisstillaquestion.DoyouknowwhethertogohikingthisSaturday?6）在discuss，decide,doubt等动同后作宾语时，只能用whether，不能用if。如:Wediscussedwhetherweshouldgotherebyplane.5）引导让步状语地，一般用whethe

6、r。例如：Whetheryoulikeitornot，you’llhavetodoit.Whethertheweatherisgoodorbad，theywillsetoffastheyplanned.6）如果用if会引起歧义时，就只用whetherPleasetellmewhetheryouknowtheanswer.注意：1）在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether。如：HeaskedmeifIhadn’tfinishedmywork.2）当doubt是肯定形式时，用whether,如：Idoubtwhetherit’strue.Ioften

7、doubtwhether/ifitisworthworkingsohard.但是，当doubt是否定形式时，则不用whether或if，要改用that，因为句子本身已没有“怀疑”或“选择”之意。比较：Idon’tdoubtthatyouarehonest.我不怀錠你的诚柔。Sheneverdoubtthatshehasdoneright.她对自己是正确的这一点从不怀錠。二、宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：Canyoutellmehowlcangettothezoo?Iwonderifsheisgoingtoabirthdayparty.Doyo

8、uknow