oxygen measurement 石油工业注射技术中的水中氧测量

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1、Oxygenmeasurementinthewaterforinjectiontechnologyintheoilindustry石油工业注射技术中的水中氧测量图1：注水基础图2：Ekofisk油田，海上作业平台Applicationdescription应用说明Waterfloodalsocalledwaterinjectionisamethodofsecondaryoilrecoveryinwhichwaterisinjectedintothereservoirformationtodispl

2、aceresidualoil.Thewaterfrominjectionwellsphysicallysweepsthedisplacedoiltoadjacentproductionwells.Waterinjectionwellscanbefoundbothon-andoffshore.Waterfloodingwasbornover125yearsagoandistheoldestenhancedrecoverymethod.Waterdoesnotonlydisplaceoilbutisu

3、sedalsoforpressuresupportofthereservoir(alsoknownasvoidagereplacement).Waterflood也被称为水注射是一种传统的二次采油方法，水被注入储油层将残余的石油移出。从注射井中注入的水流将有待移出的石油，推送至邻近的生产井中。通常在海上或离岸的采油平台都能看到这样的注水井。注水采油的方法诞生于125年前，是最古老的提高采收率的办法。此方法中的水应用，不只是移出残余的石油，也为储油层提供了一定的压力补偿（又名注采比）。Whychoo

4、seHachUltra?为什么选择HachUltra的产品？•FullATEXcertifiedanalyzerandoxygensensor完整的ATEX认证分析仪和氧传感器•Sensorwithstandingextremeconditionsupto100bar传感器可承受高达100bar的极端工作环境•SensorwithspecificelectrodesandelectrolyteallowingthemeasureinsamplescontainingH2S传感器配以特定的电极与电解

5、液样，可在含有H2S的样本中进行测量•Severalhighcorrosionresistantmaterialavailableforthesensorandtheflowchamber(Monel,TitaniumandHastelloy)几款高耐蚀性材料可供传感器与流通池机身选配（Monel镍铜合金、钛、Hastelloy镍基耐蚀耐热合金）•Widemeasurementrangefromppmsaturationlevelsdownto1ppb.。量程广，可满足从ppm饱和值到低至1ppb

6、的测量Waterqualityrequiredtomaintainhighefficiency良好的水质可保证采油的高效性Forawaterfloodoperationtobesuccessfulthewaterusedforinjectionmustbeofaqualitythatwillnotdamagethereservoirrockandinjectionratesmustbemaintainedbelowthepartingpressureofthereservoir.Poorwater

7、qualitywillresultinlostoilproduction.对于成功的注水操作而言，必需保证注射用水质量，不能对储油层岩壁有任何损害，同时注入率还需要被控制在储油层压力临界点以下。如水质较差，会导致原油在生产中的流失。Theproperbalancebetweenwaterqualityandcosthastobedetermined.Rigorouswaterqualityguidelineslike98%removalofparticlesabove2microns,oil<5p

8、pm,andoxygen<50ppbwillnearlyalwaysprovidewaterofsufficientquality.Becauseofincreasingscarcity,freshwaterwillnotgenerallybeaviablesource.Therefore,mostinjectionprojectsusesalineorbrinewaters.水质量和成本之间的适当平衡关系是需要明确界定的。严格的水质指导标准：2microns以上颗粒物去除率达到9