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1、第11讲特殊句式（要点透析）倒装句倒装有两种考法：1.放在单项选择题中，单纯考查考生的倒装是否熟练掌握；2.放在完形填空和阅读理解中，设置理解障碍。一、完全倒装将谓语动词全部提到主语之前。常见情况有：1.表方位的副词here,there或out,in,up,down,away,off等标志词放在句首，谓语动词多用be,come,go等。Theregoesthebell.Herecomesthebus.Outrushedthechildren.Awaywenttheboy.【注意】当主语是人称代词时，主语语序不变。Hereitis.Inshecame.
2、Awayhewent.2.地点状语＋谓语＋主语；此时，地点状语为标志词，谓语动词为不及物动词。Southoftheriverliesasmallfactory.Fromthevalleycameafrighteningsound.Theyasktotakephotoswherestandsthetower.3.such,then,now,thus,thefollowing放句首时，谓语动词多为come,follow,begin,end,be。Sucharethefacts.Suchislife.Thefollowingistheanswertothe
3、question.Nowcomesyourturn.4.Therebe/lie/exist/stand/live＋主语＋…(therebe句型)Thereisatallbuildingonthetopofthemountain.Therestandsanancienttoweronthetopofthemountain.5.表语＋系动词＋主语；表语可以是介词短语，形容词或分词。【注意】若主语较长，可还原为正常语序即：主语＋系动词＋表语。PresentatthepartywereMr.Greenandmanyotherguests.Seatedonth
4、egroundareagroupofyoungmen.Gonearethedayswhenweusedthe“foreignoil”．Infrontofthehouseisacow.6.用于以现在分词开头的句子中。Sittingaroundtheoldmanweresomechildrenfrombigcities.7.用于某些表示祝愿的句子中。LonglivethePeople'sRepublicofChina!中华人民共和国万岁！二、部分倒装将情态动词、助动词、be提到主语前。(通常可以还原为正常的语序，并以此检验倒装句是否正确。)1.含有否定意
5、义的副词或短语放在句首时。如：few,little,never,not,notuntil,nowhere,rarely,seldom,hardly/scarcely…when…，nosooner…(than)…，notonly…(butalso),atnotime,bynomeans等。Littledoesheknowaboutthenews.他对这消息知之甚少。Bynomeanscanhecatchupinsuchashorttime.他根本不可能在这么短的时间里赶上来。【特别提醒】①若原句中没有助动词，必须根据谓语动词的具体时态来确定相应的助动词
6、do,does或did。Heisactiveinpersonality,andheseldomstaysindoors.(无助动词)Heisactiveinpersonality,andseldomdoeshestayindoors.(添加does)②notonly…butalso连接两个并列主语时不可倒装。只有在连接两个句子且将notonly所连接的句子提到句首时，才可用倒装，butalso后面的句子不倒装。NotonlychildrenbutalsoadultsareinterestedinthefilmHarryPotter.(连接并列主语，不
7、可倒装)③在“hardly/scarcely…when－从句”和“nosooner…than－从句”结构中，主句用过去完成时，而从句用一般过去时。Ihadhardlygottotheairportwhentheplanetookoff.HardlyhadIgottotheairportwhentheplanetookoff.(注意谓语动词的形式)④notuntil提前时，必须将notuntil后面的全部内容提前，而不仅仅是notuntil这两个词。Thevillagersdidnotrealizehowseriousthepollutionwasun
8、tilallthefishdiedintheriver.Notuntilallthefishdiedinth
