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1、电缆故障定点仪毕业论文摘要随着社会的发展，人们对电力输电的要求越来越高，为了避免在地面上错综复杂的电线对人们的生活带来不便，在城市中大量的使用地埋电缆，地埋电缆线一旦发生故障，电力的维修的首要任务是精确定出地埋电缆的故障点。本文根据电缆故障点高压放电时产生的声音和磁信号，计算出磁、声信号到达接收端的时间差，可快速准确地找到故障点。本文针对上述需求，用能响应微弱振动的压电陶瓷探头探测高压放电时产生的（振动）声音信号，用磁棒线圈探测高压放电时产生的电磁信号，设计了微弱振动信号的低噪声带通放大和50Hz陷波的模拟放大电路，和兼备电缆路径探测与声磁同步定点的磁感应信号放大电路等硬件系统，
2、以及相应功能的软件。实验结果证明，该仪器对达到了地埋电缆电缆故障点定点效果良好，且具有环境噪音屏蔽。关键词：电缆故障定点仪声磁时间差50Hz陷波AbstractWiththedevelopmentofsociety,people'srequirementofpowertransmissionishigherandhigher,inordertoavoidtheinconvenienceofintricatewireonthegroundinpeople'slives,peopleincreasinglyprefertocoverthecableundertheground.But
3、,comeproblemsatthesametime,ifthecableunderthegroundhasanyfaults,itisverydifficulttorecognisewherepointsoffaultarelocatedfromtheground,whichleadstoinconvenienceforelectricalmaintenance.Basedonthesignalofsoundandmagnetismwhichemergeswhenhighvoltagedischargingonpointoffaultinthecable,andcalculat
4、ionthetimedifferencebetweenmagneticsignalandsoundsignaltoreachthereceiver,youcanquicklyandaccuratelyfindthepointoffailure.Inresponsetotheseneeds,theresponsetotheweakvibrationofpiezoelectricceramicprobetodetectthehigh-pressuredischarge(vibration),soundsignals,electromagneticsignalsgeneratedwhe
5、nthebarmagnetcoiltothedetectionofhigh-pressuredischarge,designthelownoiseoftheweakvibrationsignalthevocalcordspassenlargeand50HZnotchanalogamplifiercircuit,andboththesynchronizationpointmagneticinductionsignalinthecablepathdetectionandsound,andmagneticamplifierhardwaresystem,andthecorrespondi
6、ngfeaturesofthesoftware.Theexperimentshowsthattheinstrumentcanquicklyandaccuratelyfixthepointofcablefault.And,what`smore,ithasthecharacteristicsofambientnoiseshieldingandautomaticallymutewhenpeopletouchclosetoit.Keywords:CablefaultstesterTimedifferencebetweensoundandmagnetic50Hznotch目录第一章绪论11
7、.1电缆故障定点仪概述11.2电缆故障性质与定位及精确定位21.2.1电缆故障性质21.2.2电缆故障点预定位方法及其比较21.2.3电力电缆故障点精确定位与电缆识别方法6第二章硬件结构原理及理论分析92.1系统框图92.2压电陶瓷的特性92.3电磁波传感器设计112.4声路前置带通滤波器电路112.5陷波器与网络匹配电路142.6功率放大器电路162.7磁信号通道的硬件结构182.8欠采样技术及理论分析222.8.1欠采样目的222.8.2采样的方法222.8.3采样保持电路的
