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1、THECAMBRIDGEDICTIONARYOFSTATISTICSTHECAMBRIDGEDICTIONARYOFStatisticsSecondEditionB.S.EVERITTInstituteofPsychiatry,King’sCollege,UniversityofLondonCambridge,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown,Singapore,SãoPauloCambridgeUniversityPressTheEdinburghBuilding,Cambridge,U
2、nitedKingdomPublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyCambridgeUniversityPress,NewYorkwww.cambridge.orgInformationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9780521810999©CambridgeUniversityPress1998,2002Thisbookisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexceptionandtotheprovisionofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements,no
3、reproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewrittenpermissionofCambridgeUniversityPress.Firstpublishedinprintformat2002-----eBook(Gale)----eBook(Gale)-----hardback----hardbackCambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthep
4、ersistenceoraccuracyofsforexternalorthird-partyinternetwebsitesreferredtointhisbook,anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchwebsitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate.TothememoryofmydearsisterIrisPrefaceTheCambridgeDictionaryofStatisticsaimstoprovidestudentsofstatistics,workingstatisticia
5、nsandresearchersinmanydisciplineswhoareusersofstatisticswithrelativelyconcisedefinitionsofstatisticalterms.Allareasofstatisticsarecovered,theoretical,applied,medical,etc.,although,asinanydictionary,thechoiceofwhichtermstoincludeandwhichtoexclude,islikelytoreflectsomeaspectsofthecompi-ler’smainar
6、easofinterest,andIhavenoillusionsthatthisdictionaryisanydiffer-ent.Myhopeisthatthedictionarywillprovideausefulsourceofreferenceforbothspecialistsandnon-specialistsalike.Manydefinitionsnecessarilycontainsomemath-ematicalformulaeand/ornomeclature,otherscontainnone.Butthedifferenceinmathematicalco
7、ntentandlevelamongthedefinitionswill,withluck,largelyreflectthetypeofreaderlikelytoturntoaparticulardefinition.Thenon-specialistlookingup,forexample,Student’st-testswillhopefullyfindthesimpleformulaeandasso-ciatedwrittenmaterialmorethanadeq
