赶往火星？宇宙射线不好惹！

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1、赶往火星？宇宙射线不好惹！　　NASAworker：T-minus[倒计时用语]ten，nine，eight...　　InNovemberof2011，theMarsScienceLaboratoryliftedoff[发射]，carryingCuriosity，NASA’sMarsrover[飞行器]，intospace.　　NASAworker：...one，mainenginestart，zeroandliftoffofCuriosity.　　AndtheninAugust...AllenChen（NASAengineer）：To

2、uchdownconfirmed[确认].We’resafeonMars.　　Duringtheeightmonthsinbetween，Curiositywasbombarded[轰击]withlotsofradiation[辐射]，high-energyprotons[质子]thrownoutbythesunand　　galactic[银河的]cosmicrays[宇宙射线]slicing[像刀一样运动]　　throughthesolarsystemfromdistantsupernovas[超新星].HereonEarth，the

3、magneticfieldandatmosphere[大气]shield[防护]usfrommostofthisradiation.Butoutinthevoid[空间]ofspace，high-energyparticles[粒子]wouldrip[撕破，割裂]intoanastronaut’sDNA，slowlyincreasingtheriskofcancer.That’saproblemforNASAandthehandfulofotherprivatecompanieswhohavepledged[保证]tosendhuman

4、stoMars.6　　Foralongtime，they’vetriedtofigureoutjusthowmuchradiationanastronautwouldexperienceonthejourney.EnterCuriosity，handily[方便地]equippedwithRAD，theRadiationAssessment[评估]Detector[探测器].ItwasdesignedtogatherradiationdataonthesurfaceofMars.　　DonHassleroftheSouthwestRes

5、earchInstituteleadstheRADteam.　　DonHassler：Abouttwoyearsbeforelaunch，westartedtorealizethefactthatRADwastucked[挤进]insidethebellyofthespacecraftsortofinthesamelocationthatafutureastronautmightbe.　　Sotheythought：Whynotturnitonduringspaceflight？Afewdaysafterlaunch，RADpowere

6、dupandstartedcollectingdata.InthejournalScience，theresearchersannouncedthatthebulk[大量]oftheradiation―95percent―wascausedbygalacticcosmicraysthatwedon’tknowhowtoshieldagainst.Hasslersaysthere’sreallyonlyonewaytominimizethedamagecausedbytheserays.　　Hassler：Ithinkwejustwant

7、togoquickly.　　TheshortestpossibletriptoMarswithcurrenttechnologywouldtakeaboutsixmonths.Duringthattime，Hasslersaysanastronautwouldexperienceaboutfourtimesmoreradiationthanpeopleonthe6InternationalSpaceStation，whowouldbepartially[部分地]shieldedbytheirproximity[接近]toEarth.　　

8、Hassler：AnastronautonISSfor，say，sixmonths，youknow，wouldreceiveontheorderofmaybe80millisieverts[（单位）毫西弗]