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1、KNOTSANDPHYSICSKNOTSANDPHYSICSThirdEditionLouisH.KauffmanDepartmentofMathematicsStatisticsandComputerScienceUniversityofIllinoisatChicagoorldScientificNewJersey.LondonHongKongPublishedbyWorldScientificPublishingCo.Re.Ltd.P0Box128,FarrerRoad,Singapore912805USAofice:SuiteI
2、B,1060MainStreet,RiverEdge,NJ07661UKoffice:57SheltonStreet,CoventGarden,LondonWC2H9HEFirstedition1991Secondedition1993LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataKauffman,Louis,H.,1945-Knotsandphysics/LouisH.Kauffman.p.cm.--(Seriesonknotsandeverything;vol.1)Includeshib
3、liographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN9810203438.--ISBN9810203446(pbk.)I.Knotpolynomials.2.Mathematicalphysics.I.Title.11.Series.QC20.7.K56K381991514224-dc2091-737CIPKNOTSANDPHYSICS(ThirdEdition)Copyright02001byWorldScientificPublishingCo.Re.LtdAllrightsreserved.Thisbook,or
4、partsthereojmaynotbereproducedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical,includingphotocopying,recordingoranyinformationstorageandretrievalsystemnowknownortobeinvented,withoutwrittenpermissionfromthePublisher.Forphotocopyingofmaterialinthisvolume,pleasepayacopyingfeeth
5、roughtheCopyrightClearanceCenter,Inc.,222RosewoodDrive,Danvers,MA01923,USA.Inthiscasepermissiontophotocopyisnotrequiredfromthepublisher.ISBN981-02-4111-9981-02-4112-7(pbk)PrintedinSingapore.ToDianeviiPrefacetotheFirstEditionThisbookhasitsoriginsintwoshortcoursesgivenbyth
6、eauthorinBolognaandTorino,ItalyduringtheFallof1985.Atthattime,connectionsbetweenstatisticalphysicsandtheJonespolynomialwerejustbeginningtoappear,anditseemedtobeagoodideatowriteabookoflecturenotesentitledKnotsandPhysics.Thesubjectofknotpolynomialswasopeningup,withtheJones
7、polynomialasthefirstlinkpolynomialabletodistinguishknotsfromtheirmirrorimages.Wewerelookingatthetipofaniceberg!Thefieldhasgrownbyleapsandboundswithremarkablecontributionsfrommathematiciansandphysicists-awonderfulinterdisciplinaryinterplay.InwritingthisbookIwantedtopreser
8、vetheflavorofthoseoldBologna/Torinonotes,andIwantedtoprovideapathwayintothemorerecentevents.Afteragoodd
