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1、TheHouseoftheSevenGablesHawthorne,NathanielPublished:18511AboutHawthorne:NathanielHawthornewasbornonJuly4,1804,inSalem,Massachu-setts,wherehisbirthplaceisnowamuseum.WilliamHathorne,whoemigratedfromEnglandin1630,wasthefirstofHawthorne'sancestorstoarriveinthecolonies.Afterarriving,Williampersec
2、utedQuakers.William'ssonJohnHathornewasoneofthejudgeswhooversawtheSalemWitchTrials.(Onetheoryisthathavinglearnedaboutthis,theau-thoraddedthe"w"tohissurnameinhisearlytwenties,shortlyaftergraduatingfromcollege.)Hawthorne'sfather,NathanielHathorne,Sr.,wasaseacaptainwhodiedin1808ofyellowfever,whe
3、nHawthornewasonlyfouryearsold,inRaymond,Maine.HawthorneattendedBow-doinCollegeattheexpenseofanunclefrom1821to1824,befriendingclassmatesHenryWadsworthLongfellowandfuturepresidentFranklinPierce.WhiletherehejoinedtheDeltaKappaEpsilonfraternity.UntilthepublicationofhisTwice-ToldTalesin1837,Hawtho
4、rnewroteinthecomparativeobscurityofwhathecalledhis"owl'snest"inthefamilyhome.Ashelookedbackonthisperiodofhislife,hewrote:"Ihavenotlived,butonlydreamedaboutliving."Andyetitwasthisperiodofbroodingandwritingthathadformed,asMalcolmCowleywastode-scribeit,"thecentralfactinHawthorne'scareer,"his"ter
5、mofapprentice-ship"thatwouldeventuallyresultinthe"richlymeditatedfiction."Hawthornewashiredin1839asaweigherandgaugerattheBostonCustomHouse.Hehadbecomeengagedinthepreviousyeartotheillus-tratorandtranscendentalistSophiaPeabody.SeekingapossiblehomeforhimselfandSophia,hejoinedthetranscendentalist
6、utopiancom-munityatBrookFarmin1841;laterthatyear,however,heleftwhenhebecamedissatisfiedwithfarmingandtheexperiment.(HisBrookFarmadventurewouldproveaninspirationforhisnovelTheBlithedaleRo-mance.)HemarriedSophiain1842;theymovedtoTheOldManseinConcord,Massachusetts,wheretheylivedforthreeyears.The
7、rehewrotemostofthetalescollectedinMossesfromanOldManse.HawthorneandhiswifethenmovedtoSalemandlatertotheBerkshires,returningin1852toConcordandanewhomeTheWayside,previouslyownedbytheAlcotts.TheirneighborsinConcordincludedRalphWaldoEmersonandHen
