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1、360BCPHILEBUSbyPlatotranslatedbyBenjaminJowettPHILEBUSPERSONSOFTHEDIALOGUE:SOCRATES;PROTARCHUS;PHILEBUS.Socrates.Observe,Protarchus,thenatureofthepositionwhichyouarenowgoingtotakefromPhilebus,andwhattheotherpositioniswhichImaintain,andwhich,ifyoudonotapproveofit,istobecont
2、rovertedbyyou.ShallyouandIsumupthetwosides?Protarchus.Byallmeans.Soc.Philebuswassayingthatenjoymentandpleasureanddelight,andtheclassoffeelingsakintothem,areagoodtoeverylivingbeing,whereasIcontend,thatnotthese,butwisdomandintelligenceandmemory,andtheirkindred,rightopinionan
3、dtruereasoning,arebetterandmoredesirablethanpleasureforallwhoareabletopartakeofthem,andthattoallsuchwhoareoreverwillbetheyarethemostadvantageousofallthings.HaveInotgiven,Philebus,afairstatementofthetwosidesoftheargument?PhilebusNothingcouldbefairer,Socrates.Soc.Anddoyou,th
4、epositionwhichisassignedtoyou?Pro.Icannotdootherwise,sinceourexcellentPhilebushasleftthefield.Soc.Surelythetruthaboutthesemattersought,byallmeans,tobeascertained.Pro.Certainly.Soc.Shallwefurtheragree-Pro.Towhat?Soc.ThatyouandImustnowtrytoindicatesomestateanddispositionofth
5、esoul,whichhasthepropertyofmakingallmenhappy.Pro.Yes,byallmeans.Soc.AndyousaythatpleasureandIsaythatwisdom,issuchastate?Pro.True.Soc.Andwhatiftherebeathirdstate,whichisbetterthaneither?Thenbothofusarevanquished-arewenot?Butifthislife,whichreallyhasthepowerofmakingmenhappy,
6、turnouttobemoreakintopleasurethantowisdom,thelifeofpleasuremaystillhavetheadvantageoverthelifeofwisdom.Pro.True.Soc.Orsupposethatthebetterlifeismorenearlyalliedtowisdom,thenwisdomconquers,andpleasureisdefeated;-doyouagree?Pro.Certainly.Soc.Andwhatdoyousay,Philebus?Phi.Isay
7、;andshallalwayssay,thatpleasureiseasilytheconqueror;butyoumustdecideforyourself,Protarchus.Pro.You,Philebus,havehandedovertheargumenttome,andhavenolongeravoiceinthematter?Phi.Trueenough.NeverthelessIwoulddearmyselfanddelivermysoulofyou;andIcallthegoddessherselftowitnesstha
8、tInowdoso.Pro.Youmayappealtous;wetoobethewitnessesofyourwords.Andnow,Socrates,whetherPhil
