数据库-外文文献翻译

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1、外文文献原稿和译文原稿DATABASEAdatabasemaybedefinedasacollectioninterrelateddatastoretogetherwithaslittleredundancyaspossibletoserveoneormoreapplicationsinanoptimalfashion.thedataarestoredsothattheyareindependentofprogramswhichusethedata.Acommonandcontrolledapproachisusedinaddingnewdataandinm

2、odifyingandretrievingexistingdatawithinthedatabase.Onesystemissaidtocontainacollectionofdatabaseiftheyareentirelyseparateinstructure.Adatabasemaybedesignedforbatchprocessing,real-timeprocessing,orin-lineprocessing.Adatabasesysteminvolvesapplicationprogram,DBMS,anddatabase.THEINTROD

3、UCTIONTODATABASEMANAGEMENTSYSTEMSThetermdatabaseisoftentodescribeacollectionofrelatedfilesthatisorganizedintoanintegratedstructurethatprovidesdifferentpeoplevariedaccesstothesamedata.Inmanycasesthisresourceislocatedindifferentfilesindifferentdepartmentsthroughouttheorganization,oft

4、enknownonlytotheindividualswhoworkwiththeirspecificportionofthetotalinformation.Inthesecases,thepotentialvalueoftheinformationgoesunrealizedbecauseapersoninotherdepartmentswhomayneeditdoesnotknowitoritcannotbeaccessedefficiently.Inanattempttoorganizetheirinformationresourcesandprov

5、idefortimelyandefficientaccess,manycompanieshaveimplementeddatabases.Adatabaseisacollectionofrelateddata.Bydata,wemeanknownfactsthatcanberecordedandthathaveimplicitmeaning.Forexample,thenames,telephonenumbers,andaddressesofallthepeopleyouknow.Youmayhaverecordedthisdatainanindexedad

6、dressbook,oryoumayhavestoreditonadisketteusingapersonalcomputerandsoftwaresuchasDBASEⅢorLotus1-2-3.Thisisacollectionofrelateddatawithanimplicitmeaningandhenceisadatabase.Theabovedefinitionofdatabaseisquitegeneral.Forexample,wemayconsiderthecollectionofwordsthatmadeupthispageoftextt

7、obeusuallymorerestricted.Adatabasehasthefollowingimplicitproperties:lAdatabaseisalogicallycoherentcollectionofdatawithsomeinherentmeaning.Arandomassortmentofdatacannotbereferredtoasadatabase.lAdatabaseisdesigned,built,andpopulatedwithdataforaspecificpurpose.Ithasanintendedgroupofus

8、erandsomepreconceivedappli